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Updated: Jan 5, 2026
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Published on: November 2, 2013
Establishment of reference intervals for serum [-2]proPSA (p2PSA), %p2PSA and prostate health index in healthy men
Zhi-Yu Wu1, Cheng Yang1, Jie Luo1
1Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, People's Republic of China.
Background:
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer among men worldwide. Recent research has identified [-2]proPSA (p2PSA), %p2PSA and prostate health index (phi) as new biomarkers for the early diagnosis and grading of PCa. However, few studies have used these parameters in a healthy population. In this study, we aimed to establish reference intervals (RIs) for p2PSA, %p2PSA and phi in healthy men based on age stratification.
Methods:
Between April 2016 and March 2018, healthy subjects were recruited. Healthy men were then stratified into four age groups: <40 years, 40-49 years, 50-59 years and ≥60 years. Total PSA (tPSA), free PSA (fPSA), %fPSA, p2PSA, %p2PSA and phi were measured and RIs were established for p2PSA, %p2PSA and phi.
Results:
In total, 732 healthy men were used for analysis. The RIs of phi were 9.77-48.44 for <40 years of age, 9.85-65.28 for 40-49 years of age, 9.98-39.72 for 50-59 years of age and 8.16-40.76 for ≥60 years of age. The reference values at the age of 40-49 years were generally higher than those at ≥60 years of age.
Conclusions:
Age-specific RIs for p2PSA, %p2PSA and phi were established in this study. This first set of established RIs will be invaluable for physicians to make precise medical decisions and carry out appropriate medical interventions.
