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A Detailed Protocol for Perspiration Monitoring Using a Novel, Small, Wireless Device

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A Combinatorial Electrochemical Biosensor for Sweat Biomarker Benchmarking.

Antra Ganguly¹, Paul Rice¹, Kai-Chun Lin¹

¹Biomedical Microdevices and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA.

SLAS Technology

|October 17, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel method using sweat chloride ions as a reference biomarker to accurately distinguish between acute and chronic disease states with electrochemical sensors. This benchmarking improves diagnostic accuracy and reduces patient stress.

Keywords:

biomarker normalization combinatorial sweat sensor electrochemical sweat sensing sweat biomarker

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Analytical Chemistry
Wearable Technology

Background:

Electrochemical sensors can misclassify acute and chronic diseases, causing patient distress.
Accurate disease state differentiation requires indexing chronic disease biomarkers with a reference biomarker.
Combinatorial sensing approaches are needed for enhanced accuracy in wearable diagnostics.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate the use of sweat chloride ions as a reference biomarker for benchmarking sweat cortisol levels.
To develop a wearable electrochemical sensor system for combinatorial sweat biomarker analysis.
To improve the accuracy of electrochemical sensors in distinguishing between acute and chronic disease conditions.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a two-electrode electrochemical system on a flexible substrate for wearable applications.
Utilized label-free affinity biosensing with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to measure electrical property modulations.
Validated electrode stability and antibody-antigen binding using open-circuit potential measurements and FTIR spectroscopy.
Evaluated sensor performance for cortisol and chloride detection in synthetic and human sweat.

Main Results:

Demonstrated sweat chloride as an effective reference biomarker for cortisol sensing.
Achieved high calibration dose responses for cortisol (5-200 ng/mL) and chloride (10-100 mM) with R² > 0.95.
Showcased the impact of chloride fluctuations on cortisol sensor readings, highlighting the need for normalization.
Validated the binding chemistry and electrochemical stability of the sensor system.

Conclusions:

Leveraging sweat chloride as a reference biomarker enables accurate benchmarking of disease biomarkers like cortisol.
The developed wearable sensor system provides a technological proof-of-concept for combinatorial sweat analysis.
Biomarker normalization through combinatorial sensing is crucial for reliable electrochemical diagnostics and reducing patient stress.