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Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

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Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
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Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

Introduction
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.

Catalysis

Catalysis

The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.

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Catalytic Reactions at Amine-Stabilized and Ligand-Free Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Titania During Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Aldehydes

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Interstitial Hydrogen Atom Modulation to Boost Hydrogen Evolution in Pd-Based Alloy Nanoparticles.

Jinchang Fan¹, Xiaoqiang Cui¹, Shansheng Yu¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Department of Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China.

|October 17, 2019

Summary

Interstitial hydrogen atoms enhance RhPd nanoparticles for efficient alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalysis. This novel strategy boosts hydrogen production and is applicable to other palladium-based nanostructures.

Keywords:

electrocatalysis hydrogen evolution reaction metal alloy metal hydride noble metal

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Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles Supported on Carbon Nanotube with Doped Co and N Atoms and its Catalytic Applications in Hydrogen Production

Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles Supported on Carbon Nanotube with Doped Co and N Atoms and its Catalytic Applications in Hydrogen Production

Published on: December 6, 2021

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Nanotechnology

Background:

Noble metal alloys are crucial for electrocatalysis, but exploration of modifying elements is ongoing.
Transition metals are common modifiers, yet many elements remain uninvestigated for alloy enhancement.

Purpose of the Study:

To boost the alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) by interstitially modulating hydrogen atoms into RhPd nanoparticles.
To investigate the impact of interstitial hydrogen on the electronic structure and catalytic activity of RhPd alloys.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of RhPd nanoparticles with interstitial hydrogen (RhPd-H).
Electrochemical characterization of HER activity, including overpotential and Tafel slope measurements.
Analysis of surface electronic states, bond distances, and coordination numbers of Rh and Pd atoms.

Main Results:

RhPd-H nanoparticles demonstrated high alkaline HER activity with a 36.6 mV overpotential and 35.3 mV dec⁻¹ Tafel slope.
Interstitial hydrogen significantly altered the electronic state, bond distance, and coordination of Rh and Pd atoms.
Modified nanoparticles exhibited favorable hydrogen adsorption free energy, accelerating hydrogen production.

Conclusions:

Interstitial hydrogen atom modulation is a powerful strategy for designing efficient HER electrocatalysts.
This approach is universally applicable to other Pd-based alloy nanostructures.
The findings open new avenues for developing advanced electrocatalysts for hydrogen generation and other applications.