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Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
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Determinants of neonatal mortality in the largest international border of Brazil: a case-control study

Suzana de Souza1,2, Etienne Duim3, Fernando Kenji Nampo4,5

  • 1Latin-American Institute of Life and Nature Sciences, Federal University of Latin-American Integration, 1000 Tarquínio Joslin dos Santos Ave ZIP, Foz do Iguassu, PR, 85870-650, Brazil.

BMC Public Health
|October 18, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Neonatal deaths in Foz do Iguassu are linked to newborn factors like congenital anomalies and low birth weight, not maternal characteristics. Improving prenatal and childbirth care is crucial.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Foz do Iguassu faces a higher neonatal mortality rate than Brazil's national average.
  • Neonatal deaths constitute 61% of all under-five child mortality in the region.
  • The municipality serves a significant foreign population, highlighting the need for localized health assessments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify key determinants of neonatal mortality in Foz do Iguassu.
  • To analyze factors contributing to infant deaths in a border city context.
  • To inform targeted public health interventions for neonatal care.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study analyzed neonatal deaths from 2012 to 2016.
  • Data was sourced from national databases (SINASC and SIM).
  • Multiple logistic regression examined associations between maternal, pregnancy, and newborn characteristics and mortality.

Main Results:

  • Fetal congenital anomalies, low birth weight, low Apgar scores, and prematurity were significant predictors of neonatal death.
  • Limited prenatal care (0-3 appointments) was also associated with increased mortality risk.
  • Early neonatal period accounted for the majority of deaths (65.9%).

Conclusions:

  • Neonatal mortality in Foz do Iguassu is primarily driven by newborn-specific factors.
  • Maternal sociodemographic characteristics were not found to be significant determinants.
  • Enhancing the quality of prenatal care and childbirth services is recommended for the Brazilian border health system.
Abstract

Keywords:
Border regionDeterminantsNeonatal mortality

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