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Dispositional Flow and Performance in Brazilian Triathletes.

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Triathletes with a higher disposition to flow, particularly in challenge-skill balance, clear goals, and control, achieved better race times. This indicates that optimal performance in endurance sports is linked to psychological immersion and focus.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Psychology
  • Human Performance
  • Endurance Sports Research

Background:

  • Flow state, characterized by deep immersion and enjoyment, is theorized as optimal for performance.
  • Understanding the link between dispositional flow and objective performance is crucial for athletes and coaches.
  • Previous research has explored flow in various activities, but its specific impact on elite triathlete performance requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the relationship between dispositional flow and objective performance in triathletes.
  • To identify specific flow dimensions that most significantly correlate with race times in endurance athletes.
  • To explore the network structure of flow characteristics, individual attributes, and performance outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A sample of 328 triathletes from the Ironman Brazil 2017 competition completed the Dispositional Flow Scale (DFS-2).
  • Statistical analyses included Shapiro-Wilk test, Mann-Whitney U, Spearman Correlation, and Network Analysis (LASSO).
  • Performance was objectively measured by total race times; centrality measurements (strength, closeness, betweenness) were used in network analysis.

Main Results:

  • A positive correlation was found between athlete age and practice time (r=0.34).
  • Practice time showed an inverse relationship with total race time (r=-0.25).
  • Inverse correlations (r between -0.17 and -0.11) were observed between race time and five flow dimensions, indicating better performance with higher flow disposition.
  • Network analysis revealed 'challenge-skill balance' as the most influential node. Challenge-skill balance, clear goals, control, and action-awareness directly impacted race times.
  • Top performers exhibited significantly higher disposition in challenge-skill balance, clear goals, control, and feedback.

Conclusions:

  • Dispositional flow is positively associated with objective performance in Brazilian triathletes.
  • Specific flow characteristics, notably challenge-skill balance, clear goals, control, and action-awareness, are key predictors of faster race times.
  • The findings suggest practical applications for enhancing triathlete performance through cultivating flow-inducing psychological states.