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Updated: Jan 5, 2026
Manual Muscle Testing: A Method of Measuring Extremity Muscle Strength Applied to Critically Ill Patients
Published on: April 12, 2011
Relationship Between Respiratory Muscle Strength, Handgrip Strength, and Muscle Mass in Hospitalized Patients
Sarah J Peterson1, Jessica Park1, Hillary K Zellner2
1Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, Rush University/Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Background:
Minimal information is available to validate measurement of respiratory muscle strength (RMS) in the clinical setting. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), and sniff nasal inspiratory pressure (SNIP) with handgrip strength (HGS) and cross sectional muscle area obtained via diagnostic abdominal computed tomography (CT).
Materials And Methods:
Measures of MIP, MEP, SNIP, and HGS were obtained from individuals that participated in a previously published study; individuals who had an abdominal CT completed with (±)7 days of obtaining RMS measures were included. Both RMS and HGS were measured within 48-72 hours of admission; for RMS, the highest absolute (cm H2 O) and percent predicted values were recorded, and the average of 3 HGS measurements (kg) was documented. Cross-sectional muscle area (cm2 ) at the third lumbar region was recorded. Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to assess the relationship between variables.
Results:
A total of 35 participants were included. HGS was correlated to absolute MIP (rs = 0.62, rs = 0.61), MEP (rs = 0.74, rs = 0.73), and SNIP (rs = 0.58, rs = 0.54) for males and females, respectively. Crosss-sectional muscle area was correlated with absolute MIP (rs = 0.66), MEP (rs = 0.58), and SNIP (rs = 0.783) for men and absolute SNIP (rs = 0.56) among women.
Conclusion:
Measures of RMS represent a promising assessment of muscle mass and function among hospitalized patients.
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