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Generating Relations Elicits a Relational Mindset in Children.

Nina K Simms1, Lindsey E Richland1

  • 1The Department of Comparative Human Development, University of Chicago.

Cognitive Science
|October 18, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Developing a relational mindset in young children enhances their focus on relationships, not just objects. This study shows even 4-year-olds can be guided to prioritize relational reasoning through simple tasks.

Keywords:
Analogical developmentObject similarityRelational mindsetRelational reasoningRelational shiftsRelational similarity

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Development
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Relational reasoning is crucial for higher cognition and creativity.
  • Young children typically shift from object-focused to relation-focused attention with age.
  • Existing explanations for this shift include prerequisite knowledge and cognitive maturation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of a "relational mindset" in children's relational reasoning development.
  • To determine if a relational mindset can be elicited in young children.
  • To assess the impact of an elicited relational mindset on attention to relational information.

Main Methods:

  • Children aged 4 years participated in the study.
  • Participants engaged in analogy problems, either generating or listening to relational statements.
  • A subsequent task assessed preference for object versus relational matches.

Main Results:

  • Children generally preferred object mappings over relational ones.
  • Children who generated relational statements showed increased selection of relational matches.
  • This indicates that relational attention is malleable in early childhood.

Conclusions:

  • A "relational mindset" is a significant factor in children's relational reasoning development.
  • Eliciting a relational mindset can increase spontaneous attention to relations, even in 4-year-olds.
  • Findings suggest that relational attention can be cultivated in young children.