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The genome refers to all of the genetic material in an organism. It can range from a few million base pairs in microbial cells to several billion base pairs in many eukaryotic organisms. Genome assembly refers to the process of taking the DNA sequencing data and putting it all back together in a correct order to create a close representation of the original genome. This is followed by the identification of functional elements on the newly assembled genome, a process called genome annotation.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 5, 2026

Navigating MARRVEL, a Web-Based Tool that Integrates Human Genomics and Model Organism Genetics Information
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Repertoire-wide gene structure analyses: a case study comparing automatically predicted and manually annotated gene

Jeanne Wilbrandt1,2, Bernhard Misof3, Kristen A Panfilio4

  • 1Center for molecular Biodiversity Research, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig (ZFMK), Adenauerallee 160, 53113, Bonn, Germany. j.wilbrandt@leibniz-zfmk.de.

BMC Genomics
|October 19, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Automatic gene annotation is reliable for large-scale insect genome studies. Manual curation is beneficial for individual genes but not essential for identifying broad trends in gene structure and evolution.

Keywords:
Gene predictionexon-intron structureinsectsmanual annotationmanual curationstructural annotation

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Eukaryotic gene location and structure are predicted by gene annotation algorithms.
  • Manual annotation is crucial for accurate gene models but is time-consuming and species-specific.
  • Assessing manual annotation's impact on genome-wide analyses is vital.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the influence of manual annotation on genome-wide analyses of protein-coding gene structural properties.
  • To compare automatically predicted and manually annotated gene models across seven insect species.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of protein-coding gene structural properties.
  • Utilized data from seven diverse insect species sequenced by the i5k initiative.
  • Examined gene lengths and exon counts in both automatically predicted and manually annotated gene sets.

Main Results:

  • Manually annotated gene subsets (3.5-7%) may not represent the entire gene set's structural properties.
  • Automatic gene model properties are minimally affected by manual annotation.
  • Major trends, like genome size correlating with exonic proportion, are discernible from both annotation types.

Conclusions:

  • Automatically predicted gene models are reliable for inferring genome-wide correlative trends in gene structure.
  • While manual curation aids individual gene analysis, automatic annotation suffices for comparative genomic studies.
  • Comparative studies on gene structural properties are justifiable despite varying manual annotation efforts.