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The Significance of Right Ventricle in Young Subjects with Diabetes Mellitus Type 1. An echocardiographyic study

M Berceanu1, O Mirea1, G C Târtea1,2

  • 1Department of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania.

Current Health Sciences Journal
|October 19, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Young adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus experience diastolic right ventricular dysfunction, even without known heart disease. Subclinical systolic function remains preserved in early stages, highlighting the need for early detection of cardiac complications.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Diabetology
  • Echocardiography

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) significantly increases cardiovascular disease risk.
  • Early detection of myocardial dysfunction is crucial for preventing cardiac complications in DM1 patients.
  • Right ventricular function in DM1 patients remains understudied despite its prognostic importance.

Observation:

  • This study evaluated right ventricular function in young adults with DM1 using conventional and speckle tracking echocardiography (STE).
  • Sixty asymptomatic young adults with DM1 and 90 healthy controls were included.
  • Measurements included longitudinal right ventricular strain (RV GLS global and RVFW GLS) and basal, mid, and apical segments.

Findings:

  • No significant differences in ejection fraction (EF) were observed between groups.
  • Conventional echocardiography revealed lower tricuspid annular velocities (Et, At) and Et/At ratio in the DM1 group, suggesting diastolic dysfunction.
  • Right ventricular speckle tracking strain measurements showed no significant intergroup differences, indicating preserved subclinical systolic function.

Implications:

  • Young adults with DM1, even without diagnosed heart disease, exhibit diastolic right ventricular dysfunction.
  • Subclinical myocardial systolic function appears preserved in the early stages of DM1.
  • These findings underscore the importance of assessing diastolic function in young DM1 patients for proactive cardiovascular risk management.
Abstract

Keywords:
Diabetes mellitusdiabetic cardiomiopathyright ventricular dysfunctionspeckle tracking

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