Music Interventions in Percutaneous Coronary Procedures: A Meta-Analysis

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Psychosomatic Medicine
• Evidence-Based Practice

Background:

• Coronary procedures like angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention can cause significant patient anxiety and discomfort.
• Non-pharmacological interventions are sought to improve patient well-being during these cardiac interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of music intervention in enhancing the well-being of patients undergoing coronary procedures.
• To assess the impact of music on anxiety, discomfort, pain, heart rate, and blood pressure in this patient population.

Main Methods:

• A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases (MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, ProQuest, Airiti Library) for randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies published between 1966 and 2019.
• Ten studies investigating music intervention in patients receiving angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention were included.
• Study quality and evidence were assessed using the Cochrane methodology, Jadad Quality Score, and ROBINS-I tool.

Main Results:

• Music intervention demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in patient anxiety (Z = 2.15, p = .03) and discomfort associated with lying down (Z = 2.40, p = .02).
• No significant effects were observed for music intervention on pain levels (Z = 0.94), heart rate (Z = 0.94), or blood pressure (systolic Z = 1.27; diastolic Z = 1.32).
• High heterogeneity was noted among the included studies.

Conclusions:

• Music intervention shows promise for alleviating anxiety and discomfort in patients undergoing coronary procedures.
• Further large-scale, high-quality, and transcultural randomized controlled trials are necessary to confirm these benefits and explore potential mechanisms.
• Current evidence suggests music may be a valuable complementary therapy for psychological well-being in cardiac care but not a substitute for managing physiological parameters.