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Influenza vaccine and cardiac protection: a study from a tertiary care center

Umayya Musharrafieh1,2, Jad Dergham1, Carla Daou1

  • 1Department of Family Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
|October 19, 2019
PubMed

Insights

The influenza vaccine did not significantly prevent new heart disease diagnoses in older adults. However, the vaccine may offer some protection against flu, potentially reducing cardiac risks indirectly.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Preventive Medicine

Background:

  • Patients with heart disease (HD) face higher risks of cardiac complications from influenza infections.
  • The role of influenza vaccination in preventing new HD diagnoses in at-risk populations requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if the influenza vaccine prevents newly diagnosed heart disease in older adults without a prior HD history.
  • To assess the vaccine's effectiveness in relation to patient cofactors and comorbidities.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study with a 2-year follow-up (2011-2013) at a tertiary care center.
  • Inclusion of 698 patients aged 60+ who received the influenza vaccine, compared to a non-vaccinated group.
  • Analysis of electronic medical records and University Health Service data.

Main Results:

  • The odds of developing HD were not significantly different between vaccinated and non-vaccinated groups (OR=0.97 vs. OR=1.74).
  • Vaccine effectiveness showed a non-significant trend towards protection as the number of risk factors increased (OR=1.61 vs. 0.97).
  • No significant difference was observed in the vaccine's effect on patients with or without HD cofactors.

Conclusions:

  • Influenza vaccination did not demonstrate a significant primary preventive role in newly diagnosed heart disease in this cohort.
  • The study suggests potential indirect benefits of the vaccine through influenza protection, warranting further research.

Keywords:
Influenza viruselderlyheart diseasepreventionrisk factorsvaccine

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