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Mesenchymal Stem Cells01:19

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...
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Silica-Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles Decrease Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Migratory Activity by

Tae Hwan Shin1, Da Yeon Lee2, Abdurazak Aman Ketebo3

  • 1Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea. catholicon@ajou.ac.kr.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 20, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nanoparticle labeling of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) can impair cell migration. Optimal nanoparticle concentrations are crucial for preserving hBM-MSC migratory activity in stem cell therapies.

Keywords:
cytoskeletal abnormalityfocal adhesionhuman bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cellsmagnetic nanoparticlesmembrane fluidity

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Nanotoxicology

Background:

  • Stem cell-based therapies require methods to trace cell fate and distribution.
  • Nanomaterial-based labeling agents are used for tracing, but their biophysical effects on stem cells are challenging to evaluate.
  • Understanding these effects is crucial for the safe and effective application of nanomedicine in regenerative therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the biophysical effects of silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs@SiO2(RITC)) on human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs).
  • To assess how these biophysical changes impact the biological functions and migratory activity of hBM-MSCs.
  • To determine optimal nanoparticle concentrations for labeling to maintain stem cell function.

Main Methods:

  • Labeling hBM-MSCs with MNPs@SiO2(RITC).
  • Measuring membrane fluidity using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy.
  • Assessing cell traction force using micropillars.
  • Evaluating cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, intracellular cytoskeleton, and migratory activity.

Main Results:

  • MNPs@SiO2(RITC) treatment increased lipid peroxidation, leading to reduced membrane fluidity in a concentration-dependent manner.
  • Cell viability decreased by 10% and ROS generation doubled at 1.0 µg/µL MNPs@SiO2(RITC).
  • Cells exhibited shrinkage, abnormal focal adhesions, and a ~30% decrease in total traction force, impairing migratory activity.

Conclusions:

  • Nanoparticle treatment impairs hBM-MSC migratory activity by altering biophysical properties like membrane fluidity and cytoskeletal integrity.
  • These findings highlight the mechanisms by which nanoparticles can negatively affect stem cell function.
  • Optimal nanoparticle concentrations are essential for stem cell trafficking and clinical applications to ensure successful cell localization and therapeutic outcomes.