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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 5, 2026

Tailoring In Vivo Cytotoxicity Assays to Study Immunodominance in Tumor-specific CD8+ T Cell Responses

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Published on: May 6, 2019

Creatine uptake regulates CD8 T cell antitumor immunity.

Stefano Di Biase¹, Xiaoya Ma¹, Xi Wang¹

¹Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

|October 20, 2019

Summary

Creatine uptake via the CrT transporter is crucial for T cell energy metabolism and antitumor immunity. Supplementing creatine enhances T cell function and synergizes with cancer immunotherapies.

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Published on: January 29, 2019

Area of Science:

Immunology
Metabolic pathways
Cancer research

Background:

T cells require substantial energy for effective anti-cancer responses.
Metabolic regulators of antitumor T cell immunity are not fully understood.
The creatine transporter (CrT, Slc6a8) role in T cell function is largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of creatine transporter (CrT) and creatine in antitumor T cell immunity.
To explore the potential of creatine supplementation as an immunotherapy adjuvant.

Main Methods:

Utilized CrT knockout mice to assess the impact of creatine uptake deficiency.
Administered creatine supplementation to wild-type (WT) mice in various tumor models.
Combined creatine supplementation with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy.

Main Results:

CrT deficiency significantly impaired T cell-mediated antitumor immunity.
Creatine supplementation suppressed tumor growth in multiple mouse models.
Combination therapy demonstrated synergistic tumor suppression.
Creatine functions as a bioenergy "molecular battery" for T cell activities.

Conclusions:

Creatine is a key metabolic regulator of antitumor T cell immunity.
Creatine supplementation holds promise for enhancing T cell-based cancer immunotherapies.