ADHD and sleep: recent advances and future directions
1Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Center for ADHD, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Current Opinion in Psychology
|October 20, 2019
Summary
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is linked to frequent sleep problems. Future research will clarify ADHD
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
- Sleep Medicine
Background:
- Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is frequently associated with sleep disturbances, including daytime sleepiness and circadian rhythm abnormalities.
- Understanding the intricate relationship between ADHD and sleep is crucial for comprehensive patient care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in the study of sleep disturbances and circadian rhythm alterations in individuals with ADHD.
- To outline key future research directions for a more robust understanding of ADHD and sleep.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent empirical studies and theoretical advancements.
- Synthesis of findings across the lifespan and developmental perspectives.
- Discussion of methodological shifts towards causal and longitudinal research designs.
Main Results:
- Sleep disturbances are a significant and pervasive issue for individuals with ADHD across all age groups.
- Emerging research emphasizes a developmental psychopathology perspective and the need to move from correlational to causal links.
- Conceptualizing ADHD as a 24-hour disorder, considering its impact on sleep and other health behaviors, is a key future direction.
Conclusions:
- The empirical study and clinical care of sleep in ADHD are rapidly advancing.
- Future research employing large samples and longitudinal/experimental designs will refine our understanding of the ADHD-sleep relationship.
- Integrating sleep evaluation into ADHD interventions holds promise for improved outcomes.
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