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Saxagliptin protects against hypoxia-induced damage in H9c2 cells

Lili Zhang1, Xiaogui Qi1, Guowei Zhang2

  • 1Department of Cardiology, The People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, 518109, China.

Chemico-Biological Interactions
|October 21, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Saxagliptin improves heart cell viability and reduces oxidative stress in models of diabetes-associated cardiovascular disease. This drug shows promise for treating coronary heart disease (CHD) by mitigating key cellular damage pathways.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Endocrinology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Type II diabetes significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular complications, particularly coronary heart disease (CHD).
  • The intricate relationship between diabetes and CHD is not fully understood, highlighting the need for therapeutic strategies targeting endothelial cell protection.
  • Oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation in endothelial cells are critical factors in CHD progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of saxagliptin on hypoxia-inducible factors in the context of diabetes-associated cardiovascular complications.
  • To evaluate saxagliptin's potential to protect endothelial cells from hypoxia-induced damage.
  • To explore saxagliptin's atheroprotective mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
  • Western blot analysis
  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
  • Assessment of cell viability, oxidative damage, and mitochondrial membrane potential in H9c2 cells under hypoxic conditions.

Main Results:

  • Saxagliptin significantly improved H9c2 cell viability and reduced hypoxia-induced oxidative damage and mitochondrial membrane potential loss.
  • Saxagliptin downregulated NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX 4), matrix metallopeptidase-2 (MMP-2), matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9), and high mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) expression.
  • Saxagliptin reduced myeloid differential protein-88 (MyD88) expression while increasing nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression, indicating atheroprotective effects.

Conclusions:

  • Saxagliptin demonstrates significant protective effects against hypoxia-induced cellular damage relevant to diabetes-associated cardiovascular disease.
  • The drug's mechanisms involve reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and matrix degradation, while promoting antioxidant pathways.
  • Saxagliptin exhibits promise as a therapeutic agent for preventing or treating diabetes-associated coronary heart disease (CHD).

Keywords:
DPP-4InflammationIschemic heart diseaseMyD88Saxagliptin

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