Postural Stability in Children with High Sacral Level Spina Bifida: Deviations from a Control Group

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Neurology
• Rehabilitation Medicine
• Biomechanical Engineering

Background:

• Spina bifida is a complex birth defect affecting the spinal cord.
• High sacral level spina bifida typically involves less severe motor deficits.
• Postural stability is crucial for functional mobility and independence.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate static and dynamic postural stability in children with high sacral level spina bifida.
• To identify factors influencing postural control in this population.
• To compare stability parameters with healthy controls.

Main Methods:

• Thirty-five children with high sacral level spina bifida and 35 controls participated.
• Lower extremity muscle strength, static/dynamic stability (NeuroCom Balance Master®), 5-times sit-to-stand (5STS), and 6-minute walk test (6MWT) were assessed.
• Radiologic evaluation of spinal and lower limb deformities was performed.

Main Results:

• Patients demonstrated reduced ankle strength, longer 5STS times, and shorter 6MWT distances compared to controls.
• Significant differences were observed in static and dynamic postural stability parameters.
• Ankle muscle strength negatively correlated with postural stability; hydrocephalus/meningomyelocele impacted static stability.

Conclusions:

• Postural stability is compromised in children with high sacral level spina bifida, contrary to expectations.
• Ankle muscle strength is a primary determinant of postural stability deficits.
• These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to improve balance in this population.