Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

454
Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of...
454
Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management01:26

Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management

174
IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document...
174
Nephrotic Syndrome III : Nursing Management01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome III : Nursing Management

264
Nursing management for nephrotic syndrome adapts as the disease progresses, with strategies evolving to address advancing symptoms and complications.Early-Stage Management In the early stages, nursing interventions for nephrotic syndrome resemble those used in managing acute glomerulonephritis, focusing on symptom monitoring, fluid balance, and managing mild to moderate edema.Vital Signs: Regularly monitor blood pressure, pulse, respiratory rate, and temperature to promptly identify...
264
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

829
Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
829
Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

514
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
514
Nephrons01:10

Nephrons

6.1K
The kidneys are intricate organs with millions of working units known as nephrons. Each nephron features two major structures: the renal corpuscle, which facilitates blood plasma filtration, and the renal tubule, which handles the glomerular filtrate. Blood supply is directly linked to the nephrons. The renal corpuscle consists of the glomerulus, a capillary network, and the Bowman's capsule, a double-walled epithelial structure that encases the glomerulus. The filtering of blood plasma...
6.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Hypophosphatemic rickets in an Italian multicentric cohort of 24 subjects: a clinical and molecular characterisation.

Endocrine·2025
Same author

Comparison of "IN-REC-SUR-E" and LISA in preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome: a randomized controlled trial (IN-REC-LISA trial).

Trials·2024
Same author

Endocrine system involvement in patients with RASopathies: A case series.

Frontiers in endocrinology·2022
Same author

Risk of autoimmune diseases in patients with RASopathies: systematic study of humoral and cellular immunity.

Orphanet journal of rare diseases·2021
Same author

Subclinical TRAPS treated with canakinumab.

Reumatismo·2021
Same author

Hypertension in childhood.

Journal of biological regulators and homeostatic agents·2020

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 5, 2026

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice
09:43

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice

Published on: June 8, 2022

3.4K

Nephrotic syndrome: immunological mechanisms.

L Colavita1, C Salpietro1, C Cuppari1

  • 1Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi", Unit of Emergency Pediatrics, University of Messina, Policlinico "G. Martino" Messina, Italy.

Journal of Biological Regulators and Homeostatic Agents
|October 22, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Nephrotic Syndrome (NS) is a kidney disorder causing protein in urine, low blood albumin, and swelling. It can stem from various causes, with Minimal Change Disease and Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis being common forms with differing prognoses.

Keywords:
edemaglomerular damageglomerulonephritisnephropathyproteinuria

More Related Videos

Induction of Nephrotic Syndrome in Mice by Retrobulbar Injection of Doxorubicin and Prevention of Volume Retention by Sustained Release Aprotinin
07:38

Induction of Nephrotic Syndrome in Mice by Retrobulbar Injection of Doxorubicin and Prevention of Volume Retention by Sustained Release Aprotinin

Published on: May 6, 2018

8.8K
Mechanism of Kemeng Fang's Inhibition of Podocyte Apoptosis in Rats with Membranous Nephropathy through the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway
07:15

Mechanism of Kemeng Fang's Inhibition of Podocyte Apoptosis in Rats with Membranous Nephropathy through the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway

Published on: August 23, 2024

827

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 5, 2026

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice
09:43

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice

Published on: June 8, 2022

3.4K
Induction of Nephrotic Syndrome in Mice by Retrobulbar Injection of Doxorubicin and Prevention of Volume Retention by Sustained Release Aprotinin
07:38

Induction of Nephrotic Syndrome in Mice by Retrobulbar Injection of Doxorubicin and Prevention of Volume Retention by Sustained Release Aprotinin

Published on: May 6, 2018

8.8K
Mechanism of Kemeng Fang's Inhibition of Podocyte Apoptosis in Rats with Membranous Nephropathy through the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway
07:15

Mechanism of Kemeng Fang's Inhibition of Podocyte Apoptosis in Rats with Membranous Nephropathy through the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway

Published on: August 23, 2024

827

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Nephrotic Syndrome (NS) is a rare pediatric kidney disease characterized by significant proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema.
  • Etiologies include genetic factors, immunological mechanisms, infections, toxins, and malignancy, though often idiopathic.
  • Classification relies on corticosteroid response (steroid-sensitive, resistant, dependent) or histopathology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To delineate the clinical and histopathological characteristics of Nephrotic Syndrome in children.
  • To differentiate between common forms like Minimal Change Disease (MCD) and Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS).
  • To explore the potential relationship between MCD and FSGS as different manifestations of the same disease spectrum.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical data and renal biopsy findings (light and electron microscopy).
  • Classification of NS based on steroid responsiveness and histopathological patterns.
  • Analysis of patient demographics and disease progression.

Main Results:

  • Minimal Change Disease (MCD) is the most frequent cause of idiopathic NS in children, typically responding well to steroids.
  • Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is associated with steroid-resistant or dependent NS and shows focal glomerular damage.
  • Electron microscopy reveals podocyte foot process effacement in both MCD and FSGS, suggesting a common underlying pathology.

Conclusions:

  • MCD and FSGS may represent different severity grades or stages of the same underlying immunological kidney disease.
  • Understanding these distinctions is crucial for appropriate diagnosis and management of pediatric Nephrotic Syndrome.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the precise pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies for different NS subtypes.