Relation Between Oxidative Stress and Hematologic Abnormalities in Children With Type 1 Diabetes
Adel Abdel-Moneim1, Mohamed I Zanaty2, Amr El-Sayed2
1Molecular Physiology Division, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
Insights
Hematologic profile abnormalities in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are linked to inflammation and oxidative stress. These changes may help in early detection of diabetic complications.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Endocrinology
- Hematology
Background:
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic condition requiring early identification of complications.
- Hematologic profiles are increasingly recognized for their role in identifying diabetic inflammation and complications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between hematologic index abnormalities and oxidative stress in children with T1DM.
- To assess if hematologic indices can aid in early detection of T1DM complications.
Main Methods:
- Study included 70 children with T1DM (newly diagnosed and established) and 30 healthy controls.
- Hematologic indices, microalbuminuria, malondialdehyde, and nitric oxide levels were measured.
- T1DM children were categorized based on diabetes duration.
Main Results:
- Established T1DM showed decreased erythrocyte and platelet counts.
- Newly diagnosed T1DM showed increased leukocyte and neutrophil counts.
- Both T1DM groups exhibited altered hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cell distribution width, mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width, malondialdehyde, and nitric oxide levels. Established T1DM also showed increased microalbuminuria.
Conclusions:
- Hematologic profiles display significant alterations in children with T1DM.
- Inflammation and oxidative stress markers correlate with hematologic abnormalities in T1DM.
- Specific hematologic indices show potential for early risk assessment of diabetic complications in children.
Objectives:
Recently, numerous studies have renewed attention to the hematologic profile in the early identification of diabetic inflammation and complications. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between hematologic indices abnormalities and oxidative stress among children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).
Methods:
This study included 70 children diagnosed with T1DM and 30 healthy control subjects. The children with T1DM were divided into 2 groups according to the duration of diabetes: children with newly diagnosed T1DM and children with established T1DM.
Results:
Erythrocyte count and platelet count were decreased significantly in children with established T1DM, whereas leukocyte count and neutrophil count were increased significantly in children with newly diagnosed T1DM compared with healthy control subjects. Moreover, hemoglobin and hematocrit values revealed a significant depletion in both T1DM groups; however, values of red blood cell distribution width, mean platelet volume and platelet distribution width were significantly elevated in both T1DM groups compared with healthy control subjects. Also, microalbuminuria levels showed a significant increase in children with established T1DM, whereas lipid peroxidation biomarker (malondialdehyde) and nitric oxide levels were elevated markedly in both T1DM groups compared with the healthy group.
Conclusions:
The data demonstrated that the hematologic profile showed noticeable alterations in children with T1DM, and the inflammation and oxidative stress markers were contributed to the hematologic abnormalities. The results revealed that some hematologic indices can be used in the early detection of children with T1DM at risk for diabetic complications.
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