The ecology, evolution, and genetics of plant reproductive systems

Asexual reproduction allows plants to reproduce without growing flowers, attracting pollinators, or dispersing seeds. Offspring are genetically identical to the parent and produced without the fusion of male and female gametes.

From Water to Land

Speciation is the evolutionary process resulting in the formation of new, distinct species—groups of reproductively isolated populations.

Plant morphogenesis—the development of a plant’s form and structure—involves several overlapping developmental processes, including growth and cell differentiation. Precursor cells differentiate into specific cell types, which are organized into the tissues and organ systems that make up the functional plant.

Gene flow is the transfer of genes among populations, resulting from either the dispersal of gametes or from the migration of individuals.

Seedless Vascular Plants Were the First Tall Plants on Earth