Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

Targeted Cancer Therapies

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...

Cancer

Cancer

Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Team Approach: Diagnosis and Management of Pediatric Pelvic Ewing Sarcoma.

JBJS reviews·2026

Same author

Do Patients Who Undergo Conversion of Failed Osteoarticular Allografts to Megaprostheses Have Worse Outcomes Than Patients Treated With Primary Megaprostheses at Initial Resection?

Clinical orthopaedics and related research·2026

Same author

Inhibition of CDK9 sensitizes multidrug resistant ovarian cancer cells to paclitaxel.

Scientific reports·2026

Same author

Tyrosine-Peptide Analog Modulates Extracellular Vesicles miRNAs Cargo from Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal and Cancer Cells to Drive Immunoregeneration and Tumor Suppression.

Biomolecules·2026

Same author

The IlluminOss photodynamic bone stabilization system: novel technology with broad application in orthopaedic fracture fixation.

Expert review of medical devices·2026

Same author

Cervical spine chordomas: surgical outcome assessment in a multicenter cohort from the Primary Tumor Research and Outcomes Network.

Journal of neurosurgery. Spine·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 5, 2026

Isolation and Characterization of Tumor-initiating Cells from Sarcoma Patient-derived Xenografts

Isolation and Characterization of Tumor-initiating Cells from Sarcoma Patient-derived Xenografts

Published on: June 13, 2019

Cancer testis antigens in sarcoma: Expression, function and immunotherapeutic application.

Ran Wei¹, Dylan C Dean², Pichaya Thanindratarn²

¹Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 615 Charles E. Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA; Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, China.

|October 22, 2019

Summary

Cancer testis antigens (CTAs) show promise for treating sarcomas. These antigens can stimulate an immune response against cancer cells, offering a new avenue for immunotherapy in patients with advanced disease.

Keywords:

Cancer testis antigen Expression Function Immunotherapy Sarcoma

More Related Videos

The In ovo CAM-assay as a Xenograft Model for Sarcoma

The In ovo CAM-assay as a Xenograft Model for Sarcoma

Published on: July 17, 2013

Experimental Melanoma Immunotherapy Model Using Tumor Vaccination with a Hematopoietic Cytokine

Experimental Melanoma Immunotherapy Model Using Tumor Vaccination with a Hematopoietic Cytokine

Published on: February 24, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 5, 2026

Isolation and Characterization of Tumor-initiating Cells from Sarcoma Patient-derived Xenografts

Isolation and Characterization of Tumor-initiating Cells from Sarcoma Patient-derived Xenografts

Published on: June 13, 2019

The In ovo CAM-assay as a Xenograft Model for Sarcoma

The In ovo CAM-assay as a Xenograft Model for Sarcoma

Published on: July 17, 2013

Experimental Melanoma Immunotherapy Model Using Tumor Vaccination with a Hematopoietic Cytokine

Experimental Melanoma Immunotherapy Model Using Tumor Vaccination with a Hematopoietic Cytokine

Published on: February 24, 2023

Area of Science:

Oncology
Immunology
Genetics

Background:

Sarcomas are rare cancers with poor outcomes for metastatic disease.
Current treatments offer limited improvement for advanced sarcomas.
Cancer testis antigens (CTAs) are expressed in tumors and the testis.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the expression, function, and immunotherapeutic potential of CTAs in sarcoma.
To highlight CTAs as promising targets for novel sarcoma treatments.

Main Methods:

Review of emerging research on CTAs in sarcoma.
Analysis of CTA expression patterns in various sarcomas.
Evaluation of CTA function in tumorigenesis and immune recognition.

Main Results:

CTAs like MAGE, NY-ESO-1, PRAME, TRAG-3/CSAGE, and SSX are found in sarcomas.
CTAs serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
CTA-derived antigens elicit T-cell responses, crucial for antitumor immunity.

Conclusions:

CTAs are significant in sarcoma biology and immune response.
CTAs represent a promising target for developing novel sarcoma immunotherapies.