LKB1 Deficiency Renders NSCLC Cells Sensitive to ERK Inhibitors

Elisa Caiola1, Alice Iezzi1, Michele Tomanelli1

  • 1Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy.

Abstract

Insights

Loss of LKB1 (Serine/threonine kinase 11) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) sensitizes tumors to ERK inhibitors. This finding offers a new therapeutic strategy for patients with LKB1-mutated NSCLC, who currently lack specific treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Serine/threonine kinase 11 (LKB1/STK11) mutations are prevalent in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), affecting approximately one-third of cases.
  • LKB1 activity is also impaired in about half of KRAS-mutated NSCLC, a subgroup with limited therapeutic options.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the therapeutic potential of ERK inhibitors in NSCLC models with LKB1 alterations.
  • To determine the efficacy of ERK inhibitors in both LKB1-wild-type and LKB1-mutated NSCLC.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized CRISPR/Cas9 technology to systematically delete LKB1 in human NSCLC cell lines.
  • Employed isogenic systems and genetically engineered mouse models to assess responses to ERK inhibitors in vitro and in vivo.

Main Results:

  • Loss of LKB1 confers sensitivity to ERK inhibitors in both in vitro and in vivo NSCLC models.
  • Cells with wild-type LKB1 showed poor response to ERK inhibitors.
  • Molecularly, LKB1 loss led to ERK inhibitor-induced inhibition of p90 ribosomal S6 kinase and S6 protein activation, resulting in cytotoxicity.

Conclusions:

  • ERK inhibitors represent a viable therapeutic strategy for LKB1-mutated and LKB1/KRAS-mutated NSCLC.
  • The differential response based on LKB1 status suggests a favorable toxicity profile for LKB1-mutated tumors.
  • Findings are readily translatable to clinical settings, as ERK inhibitors are in clinical development.