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Establishment of the Dual Humanized TK-NOG Mouse Model for HIV-associated Liver Pathogenesis
10:12

Establishment of the Dual Humanized TK-NOG Mouse Model for HIV-associated Liver Pathogenesis

Published on: September 11, 2019

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HIV and the liver

Kenneth E Sherman1, Marion G Peters2, David L Thomas3

  • 1University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.

Topics in Antiviral Medicine
|October 22, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Liver disease is a major health issue for people with HIV, with new causes like fatty liver disease emerging. Addressing barriers to care is crucial for managing liver conditions and preventing complications like liver cancer.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Liver disease is a significant cause of illness and death in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
  • Despite effective treatments for hepatitis C and B, liver disease causes persist and evolve.
  • Emerging etiologies include nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and hepatitis viruses A, D, and E.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolving landscape of liver disease in individuals with HIV.
  • To highlight new and persistent causes of liver disease in this population.
  • To discuss challenges in diagnosis and management.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on HIV and liver disease.
  • Analysis of epidemiological trends and etiological shifts.
  • Examination of treatment advancements and management barriers.

Main Results:

  • Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are increasingly prevalent.
  • Hepatitis viruses A, D, and E are emerging concerns.
  • Newer antiretroviral therapies may contribute to weight gain and fatty liver.
  • Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a growing complication, often diagnosed late.

Conclusions:

  • Liver disease in HIV is complex and multifactorial, requiring ongoing research and adapted clinical strategies.
  • Barriers such as cost, stigma, and mental health issues impede timely diagnosis and treatment.
  • Effective management necessitates a comprehensive approach addressing both viral and non-viral liver diseases and associated comorbidities.

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