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Updates on an At-Risk Population: Late-Preterm and Early-Term Infants

Dan L Stewart1, Wanda D Barfield2,

  • 1School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky; and.

Pediatrics
|October 23, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Late-preterm (LPT) infant deliveries decreased significantly after a 2007 recommendation, but LPT birth rates have risen since 2015. Early-term birth also poses risks to infant health and development.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Health
  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Public Health Policy

Background:

  • A 2007 clinical report by the American Academy of Pediatrics redefined 'late-preterm' (LPT) infants, leading to decreased iatrogenic deliveries.
  • Nationwide monitoring and educational initiatives significantly reduced LPT birth rates for nearly a decade.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the initial success of LPT infant birth rate reduction strategies.
  • To analyze the recent upward trend in LPT and early-term birth rates.
  • To propose research recommendations for understanding and addressing these trends.

Main Methods:

  • Review of historical clinical reports and public health data.
  • Analysis of trends in late-preterm and early-term birth rates since 2007.
  • Synthesis of population health research on infant outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Significant decrease in iatrogenic late-preterm deliveries following the 2007 report and subsequent initiatives.
  • An emerging upward trend in late-preterm infant births observed since 2015.
  • Evidence indicates increased risks for infant survival, growth, and development in early-term births.

Conclusions:

  • While initial efforts successfully reduced late-preterm births, recent increases warrant attention.
  • The rising rates of late-preterm and early-term births may pose renewed risks to infant well-being.
  • Further research is crucial to identify causes and mitigate potential negative outcomes.

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