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Related Concept Videos

Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
RNA Stability01:53

RNA Stability

Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
RNA Stability01:53

RNA Stability

Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
General Transcription Factors01:30

General Transcription Factors

Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Polysome Fractionation and Analysis of Mammalian Translatomes on a Genome-wide Scale
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Cellular factor affecting the stability of beta-globin mRNA.

C A Stolle1, E J Benz

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510.

Gene
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Researchers identified a HeLa cell factor that protects messenger RNA (mRNA) from degradation by RNases. This novel mRNA-stabilizing factor exhibits distinct properties compared to placental RNase inhibitor.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Gene Expression Regulation
  • RNA Metabolism

Background:

  • Eukaryotic messenger RNA (mRNA) stability varies significantly in vivo, influencing gene expression.
  • mRNA half-lives range from minutes (e.g., c-myc oncogene mRNA) to hours (e.g., globin mRNA).
  • Altering mRNA stability is a key mechanism for regulating gene expression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate nuclear and cytoplasmic factors influencing mRNA metabolism.
  • To identify cellular components that affect mRNA stability.
  • To characterize a factor in HeLa cell extracts that protects mRNA from RNase degradation.

Main Methods:

  • Preparation of HeLa whole-cell extract and mouse erythroleukemia cell (MELC) cytoplasmic extract.
  • Assay of mRNA protection against RNase activity.

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  • Characterization of the protective factor's properties (e.g., heat stability, protease sensitivity, resistance to nucleases).
  • Comparison of the HeLa cell factor's activity with purified placental RNase inhibitor.

    • Main Results:

    • A HeLa whole-cell extract contains a factor that protects beta-globin mRNA from RNase attack in MELC cytoplasmic extract.
    • The protective factor is non-dialyzable, inactivated by proteinase K and heat, but resistant to RNase and DNase.
    • The factor's activity is sensitive to N-ethylmaleimide, similar to placental RNase inhibitor.
    • Purified placental RNase inhibitor did not inhibit the RNase activity present in the MELC cytoplasmic extract.

    Conclusions:

    • HeLa cell extracts possess an RNase inhibitor (or inhibitors) distinct from placental RNase inhibitor.
    • This novel inhibitor exhibits unique activity or specificity in protecting mRNA.
    • These findings suggest a more complex system of mRNA stability regulation than previously understood.