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Rapid two-dimensional characterisation of proteins in solution.

Kadi L Saar1, Quentin Peter1,2, Thomas Müller3

  • 11Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW UK.

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|October 23, 2019
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This study introduces a microfluidic device integrating separation and analysis for high-throughput characterization of heterogeneous samples. The platform simultaneously quantifies biomolecular size and charge, enabling detailed analysis of complex mixtures.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Microfluidics

Background:

  • Microfluidic platforms excel at high-throughput separation of biomolecular components using minimal sample volumes.
  • Existing micron-scale platforms offer preparative capabilities but often lack integrated analytical functions.
  • Analyzing heterogeneous mixtures with closely sized components remains challenging for conventional techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and demonstrate a microfluidic device integrating preparative and analytical operations on a single chip.
  • To enable the acquisition of multidimensional information, specifically simultaneous quantification of size and charge of biomolecular components.
  • To overcome limitations of current techniques in analyzing complex and closely sized mixtures.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a free-flow electrophoretic separation approach on-chip.
  • Integrated an on-chip analysis unit employing microfluidic diffusional sizing.
  • Demonstrated simultaneous quantification of size and charge for heterogeneous mixtures.

Main Results:

  • Successfully characterized a mixture with components close in size, which are indistinguishable by traditional methods.
  • Achieved simultaneous quantification of size and charge of components in heterogeneous samples.
  • Demonstrated two-dimensional fingerprinting of heterogeneous protein mixtures within tens of seconds.

Conclusions:

  • The integrated microfluidic platform enables multidimensional analysis of biomolecular systems.
  • This approach facilitates high-throughput, multiparameter data acquisition on a minute timescale.
  • The device offers a powerful tool for characterizing complex biological mixtures with high precision.