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Methylation and gene expression differences between reproductive and sterile bumblebee workers.
Hollie Marshall1, Zoë N Lonsdale1, Eamonn B Mallon1
1Department of Genetics and Genome Biology The University of Leicester Leicester United Kingdom.
Evolution Letters
|October 23, 2019
Summary
DNA methylation in bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) is linked to caste differences but doesn't directly determine caste. This study reveals insights into bumblebee epigenetics and phenotypic plasticity.
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Area of Science:
- Epigenetics
- Social Insect Biology
- Genomics
Background:
- Phenotypic plasticity is key in social insects, with DNA methylation a focus for caste determination.
- Limited knowledge exists on DNA methylation's role in non-Apis bee species.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate DNA methylation patterns in bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) castes.
- Examine the relationship between methylation, gene expression, and alternative splicing in caste differentiation.
Main Methods:
- Whole genome bisulfite sequencing and RNA-seq on Bombus terrestris head tissue.
- Analysis of reproductive vs. sterile castes.
Main Results:
- Genome-wide methylation in B. terrestris is conserved among holometabolous insects and shows no caste difference.
- Differentially methylated genes were identified between castes, enriched in reproductive processes.
- No correlation found between differential methylation and differential gene expression or exon usage.
- Significant intercolony variation in methylation was observed.
Conclusions:
- DNA methylation is associated with caste differences in bumblebees but may not be the primary determinant.
- Methylation might play an alternative role in caste development or function.
- This study offers the first view of a bumblebee caste-specific methylome and its gene expression interactions.


