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Local anesthetics (LAs) block the sodium channels of nerve trunks, sensory nerve endings, and neuromuscular junctions. Although LAs can block all kinds of nerves, the sensitivity of nerve fibers differs according to nerve types and structures. LAs are known to block myelinated fibers faster than unmyelinated ones. Also, they block pain or sensory neurons at low concentrations without affecting the motor neurons involved in muscle contractions. This helps relieve labor pain without affecting the...
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Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
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Updated: Jan 5, 2026

Establishing a Mouse Model of a Pure Small Fiber Neuropathy with the Ultrapotent Agonist of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Type 1
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Small Fiber Neuropathy.

Lan Zhou1

  • 1Departments of Neurology and Pathology, BMC Cutaneous Nerve Laboratory, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.

Seminars in Neurology
|October 23, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Small fiber neuropathy (SFN) is a common condition causing painful symptoms. Diagnosis involves skin biopsy, and management focuses on treating underlying causes, lifestyle changes, and pain relief.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Small fiber neuropathy (SFN) is prevalent and linked to various medical conditions.
  • Painful paresthesia in SFN significantly impairs patient quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, associated conditions, and management strategies for SFN.
  • To provide a comprehensive overview of small fiber neuropathy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentation and diagnostic procedures.
  • Evaluation of skin biopsy and autonomic function testing utility.
  • Assessment of associated conditions and management approaches.

Main Results:

  • Skin biopsy with intraepidermal nerve fiber density assessment is the gold standard for SFN diagnosis.
  • Autonomic function testing aids in diagnosing SFN when autonomic symptoms are present.
  • Comprehensive screening for associated conditions is crucial prior to neuropathy evaluation.

Conclusions:

  • Effective SFN management requires etiology-specific treatment, lifestyle modifications, and pain control.
  • Understanding SFN's clinical spectrum, diagnostics, and associations is key for optimal patient care.