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Hyperuniform states generated by a critical friction field.

Gustavo Castillo1, Nicolás Mujica2, Néstor Sepúlveda2

  • 1Instituto de Ciencias de la Ingeniería, Universidad de O'Higgins, 2841959 Rancagua, Chile.

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Summary

Researchers discovered dynamic hyperuniformity in vibrated granular materials near the liquid-to-solid transition. This phenomenon, where particle distribution is uniform at large scales, was detected using the structure factor.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Complex Systems

Background:

  • Hyperuniform states exhibit disorder at short scales and uniformity at large scales.
  • They appear in various systems, including those near absorbing state transitions.
  • Dynamic hyperuniformity has not been previously observed in vibrated granular systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the emergence of dynamic hyperuniformity in vibrated granular layers.
  • To identify the critical point of the liquid-to-solid transition in granular systems.
  • To characterize the behavior of density fluctuations near the critical point.

Main Methods:

  • Studying a vibrated granular layer at the critical point of the liquid-to-solid transition.
  • Analyzing the formation and dynamics of solid-phase patches.
  • Calculating the static structure factor to detect hyperuniformity.

Main Results:

  • Vibrated granular layers at the critical point display dynamic hyperuniformity.
  • Solid-phase patches form with diverging length scales and lifetimes at the transition.
  • The static structure factor approaches zero at small wave numbers, indicating hyperuniformity.
  • A simple model confirmed the coupling of density and friction fields leads to dynamic hyperuniformity.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamic hyperuniformity is a characteristic of vibrated granular systems at the liquid-to-solid critical point.
  • The structure factor is a more effective indicator of hyperuniformity than particle number variance.
  • This finding offers new insights into phase transitions and emergent properties in granular materials.