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Electrocyclic reactions, cycloadditions, and sigmatropic rearrangements are concerted pericyclic reactions that proceed via a cyclic transition state. These reactions are stereospecific and regioselective. The stereochemistry of the products depends on the symmetry characteristics of the interacting orbitals and the reaction conditions. Accordingly, pericyclic reactions are classified as either symmetry-allowed or symmetry-forbidden. Woodward and Hoffmann presented the selection criteria for...
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The thermodynamic processes can be classified into reversible and irreversible processes. The processes that can be restored to their initial state are called reversible processes. It is only possible if the process is in quasi-static equilibrium, i.e., it takes place in infinitesimally small steps, and the system remains at equilibrium However, these are ideal processes and do not occur naturally. An ideal system undergoing a reversible process is always in thermodynamic equilibrium within...
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Aqueous Droplets Used as Enzymatic Microreactors and Their Electromagnetic Actuation
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Reversible reactions controlled by surface diffusion on a sphere.

Denis S Grebenkov1

  • 1Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée (UMR 7643), CNRS - Ecole Polytechnique, IP Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France.

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|October 24, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study analyzes particle diffusion towards a target on a sphere, considering reversible binding. It reveals how reversible binding kinetics significantly impact diffusion-mediated reactions, crucial for cell membrane processes.

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Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Biophysics
  • Chemical Kinetics

Background:

  • Diffusion-mediated reactions are fundamental in biological processes.
  • Understanding particle behavior on curved surfaces is essential for cellular functions.
  • Reversible binding kinetics can significantly alter reaction dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate particle diffusion and reaction dynamics on a spherical surface.
  • To analyze the influence of partly reversible binding kinetics on a circular target.
  • To derive exact expressions for particle concentration and diffusive flux.

Main Methods:

  • Solving coupled diffusion-reaction equations.
  • Deriving exact time-dependent expressions for particle concentration.
  • Obtaining exact expressions for total diffusive flux.
  • Developing explicit asymptotic formulas for small target scenarios.

Main Results:

  • Exact expressions for time-dependent particle concentration and diffusive flux were obtained.
  • The significant impact of reversible binding kinetics on diffusion-mediated reactions was demonstrated.
  • Asymptotic formulas were derived for the small target limit, simplifying analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Reversible binding kinetics play a critical role in diffusion-mediated reactions on spherical surfaces.
  • The findings are relevant for understanding biochemical reactions occurring on cell membranes.
  • The study provides a theoretical framework for analyzing complex surface diffusion-reaction systems.