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The Tumor Microenvironment

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 5, 2026

Enrichment and Characterization of the Tumor Immune and Non-immune Microenvironments in Established Subcutaneous Murine Tumors

Enrichment and Characterization of the Tumor Immune and Non-immune Microenvironments in Established Subcutaneous Murine Tumors

Published on: June 7, 2018

Comprehensive Benchmarking and Integration of Tumor Microenvironment Cell Estimation Methods.

Alejandro Jiménez-Sánchez¹, Oliver Cast², Martin L Miller¹

¹Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. ajs.scientia@google.com martin.miller@cruk.cam.ac.uk.

Cancer Research

|October 24, 2019

Summary

Estimating tumor microenvironment (TME) cell types from bulk RNA data is crucial. Consensus^TME, a novel integrated method, outperforms existing tools in accurately identifying TME cell composition across diverse cancer datasets.

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Last Updated: Jan 5, 2026

Enrichment and Characterization of the Tumor Immune and Non-immune Microenvironments in Established Subcutaneous Murine Tumors

Enrichment and Characterization of the Tumor Immune and Non-immune Microenvironments in Established Subcutaneous Murine Tumors

Published on: June 7, 2018

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Visualization, Quantification, and Mapping of Immune Cell Populations in the Tumor Microenvironment

Visualization, Quantification, and Mapping of Immune Cell Populations in the Tumor Microenvironment

Published on: March 25, 2020

Area of Science:

Oncology
Bioinformatics
Computational Biology

Background:

Computational methods estimate tumor microenvironment (TME) cell types using bulk tumor RNA data.
Objective benchmarking of these diverse TME cell estimation tools is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

To comprehensively benchmark existing TME cell estimation tools.
To introduce Consensus^TME, an integrated method for improved TME cell type estimation.
To provide an objective evaluation for selecting robust TME analysis methods.

Main Methods:

Benchmarked seven widely used computational tools and gene sets for TME cell estimation.
Developed Consensus^TME by integrating gene sets from all benchmarked methods.
Utilized a comprehensive benchmark dataset including pan-cancer data and cell-specific datasets.

Main Results:

No single method excelled in all benchmarks; Consensus^TME consistently ranked high.
Consensus^TME achieved top-three performance in all cancer-related benchmarks.
Consensus^TME demonstrated the best overall performance for TME cell estimation.

Conclusions:

Consensus^TME offers a robust and accurate approach for TME cell type estimation from bulk RNA data.
This work provides valuable insights for researchers selecting TME analysis tools.
A web resource (www.consensusTME.org) is available for exploring benchmark results.