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The respiratory microbiota during health and disease: a paediatric perspective

Ilan J N Koppen1,2, Astrid A T M Bosch1,2, Elisabeth A M Sanders1

  • 1112Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases Wilhelmina Children Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Lundlaan 6, 3584 EA Utrecht, the Netherlands.

Pneumonia (Nathan Qld.)
|October 24, 2019
PubMed

Insights

The childhood respiratory microbiota may influence lifelong immune responses and disease susceptibility. Understanding its development is key to preventing respiratory illnesses like asthma and pneumonia.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Emerging research links the microbiota to disease, potentially revolutionizing future treatments.
  • The early-life microbiota may establish long-term immune system programming and disease risk.
  • Alterations in the respiratory microbiota are associated with pediatric respiratory conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current literature on the composition and development of the pediatric respiratory microbiota.
  • To explore the relationship between the respiratory microbiota and the incidence of respiratory diseases in children.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on pediatric respiratory microbiota.
  • Analysis of research on microbiota composition, diversity, and development.
  • Correlation of microbial findings with respiratory disease outcomes.

Main Results:

  • The respiratory tract harbors a dynamic microbial community influenced by early-life exposures.
  • Specific microbial compositions and reduced diversity are linked to increased risk of asthma, pneumonia, and otitis media.
  • Microbiota development in children is a critical factor in respiratory health.

Conclusions:

  • The early-life respiratory microbiota plays a significant role in immune development and susceptibility to respiratory diseases.
  • Further research into the pediatric respiratory microbiome could lead to novel preventative and therapeutic strategies.
  • Targeting the respiratory microbiota may offer new avenues for managing childhood respiratory illnesses.

Keywords:
childrenmicrobiomemicrobiotapaediatricrespiratory infectionsrespiratory tract

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