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CA 19-9, CA 50 and elastase 1 as additional markers of cystic fibrosis
G Uhlenbruck1, U Scheuring, C Dienst
1Abteilung Immunbiologie, Medizinische Universitätsklinik 1, Köln.
Insights
Serum markers CA 19-9 and CA 50, combined with elastase 1, improve cystic fibrosis (CF) diagnosis sensitivity. Testing these biomarkers aids in identifying CF patients more effectively.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Clinical Diagnostics
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Reliable diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (CF) remains a challenge.
- Serum markers are being investigated for improved diagnostic accuracy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the diagnostic utility of serum markers CA 19-9, CA 50, CA 125, and elastase 1 in cystic fibrosis.
- To determine if combining these markers enhances diagnostic sensitivity for CF.
Main Methods:
- Serum levels of CA 19-9, CA 50, CA 125, and elastase 1 were measured in 54 CF patients.
- A control group of 66 children with other diseases and 57 parents of CF patients were included for comparison.
- Statistical analysis was performed to compare marker levels between groups.
Main Results:
- Elevated CA 19-9 was found in 67% of CF patients, CA 50 in 65%, and abnormal elastase 1 in 30%.
- Combining CA 19-9, CA 50, and elastase 1 increased diagnostic sensitivity from 67% to 86%.
- CA 125 and salivary marker determinations did not significantly improve diagnostic information.
Conclusions:
- Serum CA 19-9 is a suitable marker for cystic fibrosis diagnosis.
- Additional testing of CA 50 and elastase 1 significantly enhances the sensitivity of CF diagnosis.
- Elastase 1 is more indicative of acute pancreatitis than pancreatic cancer or CF.
Abstract:
Since reliable diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (CF) is still difficult, the occurrence of serum markers CA 19-9, CA 50 and elastase 1 was analysed. Serum levels of CA 19-9, CA 50, CA 125 and elastase 1 were estimated in 54 CF patients as well as in a control group of 66 children of similar age suffering from various other diseases and in 57 parents of CF patients. In 67% of CF patients CA 19-9 was higher than 37 U/ml, whereas 8% of the control group and only 2% of the parents showed an increased concentration. In the case of CA 50, 65% of the CF group, 21% of the control and none of the parents exhibited concentrations higher than 17 U/ml. In CF 22% showed decreased, 8% increased elastase 1 values. In the control group 2% had less than 80 ng/dl and 3% had higher elastase 1 levels than 400 ng/dl. In parents there were only increased levels in 4%. Accordingly CA 19-9 has been proven as a suitable marker and its sensitivity can be improved from 67% to 86% by additional testing of CA 50 and elastase 1. With regard to CA 125 in 11% of CF patients, 5% of control persons and 5% of parents CA 125 levels ranged above 35 U/ml. The determination of saliva CA 19-9 and CA 125 does not yield further information. Taking all previous findings into account elastase 1 is a better marker for acute pancreatitis than for pancreatic cancer and CF.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)