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Related Concept Videos

Eccentric Axial Loading in a Plane of Symmetry01:16

Eccentric Axial Loading in a Plane of Symmetry

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Eccentric axial loading occurs when an axial load is applied away from the centroidal axis of a structural member. This scenario is common in engineering, where structural elements may not be directly aligned due to various design or functional requirements.
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General Case of Eccentric Axial Loading01:12

General Case of Eccentric Axial Loading

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Unsymmetrical bending occurs when the bending moment applied to a structural member does not align with its principal axis. This misalignment leads to complex stress distributions and deflection patterns that differ from symmetrical bending, which are essential for designing structures to withstand different loading conditions.
Consider a member subjected to equal and opposite forces that are applied along a line that does not coincide with the member's neutral axis. In unsymmetrical...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 5, 2026

Intravital Longitudinal Imaging of Vascular Dynamics in the Calvarial Bone Marrow
10:49

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Published on: April 11, 2025

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Safe trajectory for an occipital condyle screw: A computer simulation study.

Zhen-Qi Lou1,2, Yang Wang1, Ding-Li Xu1,2

  • 1Department of Spinal Surgery, Ningbo No.6 Hospital, Ningbo, China.

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery (Hong Kong)
|October 25, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Posterior occipital condyle screw (OCS) placement is feasible in most cases, particularly for males and those with occipitocervical kyphosis. This technique offers a safe option for occipital-cervical fusion.

Keywords:
computed tomographic angiographyhypoglossal canaloccipital condyleoccipital condyle screwvertebral artery

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Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Occipital condyle screw (OCS) fixation is a crucial technique for occipital-cervical fusion.
  • Assessing the safety and feasibility of OCS placement is vital for surgical success and minimizing complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility of posterior occipital condyle screw (OCS) placement.
  • To analyze the safe trajectory area for OCS insertion in the occipitocervical region.

Main Methods:

  • Computed tomographic angiography scans of 73 patients were analyzed.
  • The vertebral artery (VA)-occiput distance and occipital-atlas angulation were measured to determine feasibility.
  • Simulated placement of 3.5 mm OCS was performed to calculate the probability of anatomical structure breach.

Main Results:

  • OCS placement was feasible in 91.1% of occipital condyles, with higher feasibility in males (95.7%) than females (83.3%).
  • Significant risks of injury to the hypoglossal canal (81.2%) and occipital-atlas joint (59.4%) were noted.
  • Feasibility and screw range of motion were greater in males and patients with occipitocervical kyphosis (>5°).

Conclusions:

  • Posterior occipital condyle screw (OCS) placement is a feasible technique for occipital-cervical fusion.
  • Males and individuals with occipitocervical kyphosis demonstrate increased space for OCS placement.
  • Tangent angulation is a potentially valuable tool for accurate and safe OCS insertion.