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Updated: Jan 5, 2026

Breathing-controlled Electrical Stimulation BreEStim for Management of Neuropathic Pain and Spasticity
Published on: January 10, 2013
Risa Suzuki1,2,3, Yoshihiro Muraoka2,3, Susumu Yamada4
1Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science Technology, Bunkyo Gakuin University: 1196 Kamekubo, Fujimino, Saitama 356-8533, Japan.
Integrated volitional control electrical stimulation (IVES) improved hand function in a stroke patient with long-term hemiplegia. Short-term IVES therapy led to lasting motor function gains in the paretic hand.
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