Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Phosphoinositides and PIPs01:42

Phosphoinositides and PIPs

10.0K
Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids containing a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate attached to a myoinositol sugar ring. The inositol head group extends into the cytoplasm, where it is modified by adding phosphate groups to form phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs.
Different phosphoinositides are synthesized and recruited on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. The localization of specific phosphoinositides concentrated in separate membrane...
10.0K
IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway01:11

IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway

14.1K
Membrane lipids such as phosphatidylinositol (PI) are precursors for several membrane-bound and soluble second messengers. Specific kinases phosphorylate PI and produce phosphorylated inositol phospholipids. One such inositol phospholipids are the  phosphatidylinositol-4,5 bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2], present in the inner half of the lipid bilayer. Upon ligand binding, GPCR stimulates Gq proteins to turn on phospholipase Cꞵ. Activated phospholipase Cꞵ cleaves PI(4,5)P2 and...
14.1K
Synthesis of Phosphatidylcholine in the ER Membrane01:27

Synthesis of Phosphatidylcholine in the ER Membrane

4.0K
The ER synthesizes lipids for building cell membranes and performing cellular functions such as energy storage and signaling. The lipid synthesis machinery embedded in the ER membrane primarily collects all reactants from the cytosol. Following synthesis, the secretory pathway and the ER contact sites distribute these lipids to other cellular organelles. Additionally, the energy-rich triacylglycerides are transported from the ER via lipid droplets.
The major components of all eukaryotic cell...
4.0K
Amplifying Signals via Second Messengers01:15

Amplifying Signals via Second Messengers

8.3K
Many receptor binding ligands are hydrophilic; they do not cross the cell membrane but bind to cell-surface receptors. Thus, their message must be relayed by second messengers present in the cell cytoplasm. There are several second messenger pathways, each with its own way of relaying information. For example, the G protein-coupled receptors can activate both phosphoinositol and cyclic AMP (cAMP) second messenger pathways. The phosphoinositol pathway is active when the receptor induces...
8.3K
What are Second Messengers?01:12

What are Second Messengers?

89.7K
Because many receptor binding ligands are hydrophilic, they do not cross the cell membrane and thus their message must be relayed to a second messenger on the inside. There are several second messenger pathways, each with their own way of relaying information. G-protein coupled receptors can activate both phosphoinositol and cyclic AMP (cAMP) second messenger pathways. The phosphoinositol path is active when the receptor induces phospholipase C to hydrolyze the phospholipid,...
89.7K
Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade01:22

Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade

16.9K
When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor's intracellular domain changes shape, which may either activate its enzyme function or allow its binding to other molecules. The initial signal is amplified by most signal transduction pathways. This means that a single ligand molecule can activate multiple molecules of a downstream target. Proteins that relay a signal are most commonly phosphorylated at one or more sites, activating or inactivating the protein. Kinases catalyze...
16.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 2 Limits CCL21-Induced T Cell Migration via Phospholipase Cγ1.

Receptors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Signaling via C-C Chemokine Ligand 19 and Extracellular Regulated Kinase 5 in T Cells Limits the Humoral Adaptive Immune Response in Mice.

International journal of molecular sciences·2025
Same author

C-C Chemokine Receptor 7 Promotes T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Invasion of the Central Nervous System via β2-Integrins.

International journal of molecular sciences·2024
Same author

C-C Chemokine Receptor 7 in Cancer.

Cells·2022
Same author

Novel Combinatorial Strategy Using Thermal Inkjet Bioprinting, Chemotherapy, and Radiation on Human Breast Cancer Cells; an In-Vitro Cell Viability Assessment.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2021
Same author

Clinical drug therapies and biologicals currently used or in clinical trial to treat COVID-19.

Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie·2021
Same journal

Peptidomics in the Spotlight: Advanced Sample Treatment Techniques and Analytical Insights.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026
Same journal

Methods for the Investigation of Protein-Ligands Interactions.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026
Same journal

Sample Preparation Strategies for Microbial Cell Surface Proteomics: Integrating Shaving and Shotgun Approaches.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026
Same journal

Proteomic Sample Preparation for the Petroleum Industry: A Biocorrosion Case Study.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026
Same journal

Proteomic and Functional Comparison of Extracellular Vesicles from Wild-Type and Lyn-Deficient Stromal Cells.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026
Same journal

Proteomic Analysis of Histone Sequence Variants and Post-translationally Modified Forms.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 5, 2026

A Liposome Membrane Permeability Assay for Investigating the Effects of Phosphatidylinositol Phosphate Groups on Membranotropic Action of Venom PLA2
10:31

A Liposome Membrane Permeability Assay for Investigating the Effects of Phosphatidylinositol Phosphate Groups on Membranotropic Action of Venom PLA2

Published on: September 26, 2025

411

Phospholipase C.

Colin A Bill1, Charlotte M Vines2

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|October 25, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Phospholipase C (PLC) enzymes, despite cleaving phospholipids, perform unique cellular functions. Understanding these diverse PLC family members is key to comprehending physiological roles in disease and homeostasis.

Keywords:
CalciumDiacylglycerolG protein-coupled receptorsInositol 1,4,5 – triphosphateIsoformMultiple functionsPhosphatidylinositol 4,5 – bisphosphatePhospholipase C familyStructureUbiquitous expression

More Related Videos

Defining Substrate Specificities for Lipase and Phospholipase Candidates
08:59

Defining Substrate Specificities for Lipase and Phospholipase Candidates

Published on: November 23, 2016

15.5K
Fluorescence-Based Measurements of Phosphatidylserine/Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Exchange Between Membranes
08:49

Fluorescence-Based Measurements of Phosphatidylserine/Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Exchange Between Membranes

Published on: March 14, 2021

4.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 5, 2026

A Liposome Membrane Permeability Assay for Investigating the Effects of Phosphatidylinositol Phosphate Groups on Membranotropic Action of Venom PLA2
10:31

A Liposome Membrane Permeability Assay for Investigating the Effects of Phosphatidylinositol Phosphate Groups on Membranotropic Action of Venom PLA2

Published on: September 26, 2025

411
Defining Substrate Specificities for Lipase and Phospholipase Candidates
08:59

Defining Substrate Specificities for Lipase and Phospholipase Candidates

Published on: November 23, 2016

15.5K
Fluorescence-Based Measurements of Phosphatidylserine/Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Exchange Between Membranes
08:49

Fluorescence-Based Measurements of Phosphatidylserine/Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Exchange Between Membranes

Published on: March 14, 2021

4.5K

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Signaling

Background:

  • The Phospholipase C (PLC) enzyme family comprises thirteen cloned members.
  • These PLC members exhibit diverse structures and mediate varied cellular functions.
  • All PLC family members signal through phospholipid cleavage byproducts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current literature on the Phospholipase C (PLC) enzyme family.
  • To highlight the unique cellular functions of individual PLC members and isoforms.
  • To provide references for further in-depth study on specific PLC-related topics.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on PLC enzymes.
  • Compilation of information on the structures and functions of cloned PLC family members.
  • Inclusion of references for advanced topics such as tyrosine kinase activation of PLC.

Main Results:

  • PLC family members are diverse enzymes with distinct structures and functions.
  • Each PLC member and isoform contributes uniquely to cellular processes.
  • Signaling mechanisms involve the bi-products of phospholipid cleavage.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding individual PLC enzymes and their distinct cellular roles is crucial.
  • This knowledge advances comprehension of PLC's physiological roles in disease development.
  • Further insight into PLC function aids in understanding the maintenance of homeostasis.