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Related Concept Videos

Complement System01:27

Complement System

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The complement system is a group of approximately 20 plasma proteins that strengthen the body's defenses against infections through opsonization, inflammation, and cell lysis. Opsonization involves coating pathogens with complement proteins, making them more recognizable and facilitating phagocyte engulfment. Certain complement proteins induce inflammation that attracts immune cells to the site of infection. Cell lysis involves the destruction of pathogens through the formation of a...
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Development of Immunocompetence01:22

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The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
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Complementation Tests00:49

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A complementation test is a simple cross to identify whether the two mutations are located on the same gene or different genes. It was first performed by Edward Lewis in the 1940s while working on fruit flies. He developed the test to identify the location and arrangement of different mutations on chromosomes.
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Measuring the 50% Haemolytic Complement CH50 Activity of Serum
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Normal range of complement components during pregnancy: A prospective study.

Ying-Dong He1, Bing-Ning Xu1, Di Song2,3

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.

American Journal of Reproductive Immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989)
|October 25, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pregnancy alters complement system component levels, impacting normal placentation. This study establishes reference ranges for these components during gestation for clinical and research use.

Keywords:
complement systemnormal pregnancynormal range

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Reproductive Biology
  • Clinical Chemistry

Background:

  • The complement system is crucial for normal placentation, requiring precise regulation for successful pregnancy.
  • Establishing normal ranges for complement components during pregnancy is vital for clinical evaluation and research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the normal range of complement components in maternal circulation across different stages of pregnancy.
  • To provide reference values for key complement factors (CFB, C1q, CFH, C3, C3c, C4, MBL, C3a, C5a, sC5b-9) during pregnancy.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study involving 362 women with normal pregnancies and 65 non-pregnant women.
  • Plasma samples analyzed using immunoturbidimetric assays and ELISA for various complement components.
  • Measured concentrations of CFB, C1q, CFH, C3, C3c, C4, MBL, C3a, C5a, and sC5b-9 at different gestational time points.

Main Results:

  • Complement factor B (CFB), complement factor H (CFH), mannan-binding lectin (MBL), C3c, C4, and C3a levels were quantified in the first trimester.
  • C3 and C4 levels demonstrated a gradual increase throughout pregnancy.
  • C1q, C5a, and soluble C5b-9 (sC5b-9) levels in early pregnancy were comparable to non-pregnant individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Pregnancy significantly influences the plasma levels of complement system components.
  • The findings highlight the dynamic nature of the complement system during gestation.
  • These established ranges are essential for understanding pregnancy-related complications and for future research.