Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents01:23

Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents

741
Atypical antidepressants, including bupropion (Wellbutrin), mirtazapine (Remeron), nefazodone (Serzone), trazodone (Desyrel), and vilazodone (Viibryd), offer unique mechanisms of action. Bupropion weakly inhibits dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake, aiding depression treatment and smoking cessation, with a low risk of sexual dysfunction. Mirtazapine enhances serotonin and norepinephrine neurotransmission, leading to sedation, increased appetite, and weight gain. As a result, it helps treat...
741
Antidepressant Drugs: Tricyclics, SSRIs, and SNRIs01:28

Antidepressant Drugs: Tricyclics, SSRIs, and SNRIs

1.3K
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs), including Desipramine (Norpramin), Imipramine (Tofranil), Clomipramine (Anafranil), and Amitriptyline (Elavil), inhibit serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake and also block other receptors. They are used for depression, pain conditions, and insomnia. Common adverse effects include anticholinergic effects, sedation, orthostatic hypotension, and weight gain. They have a narrow therapeutic window and so require plasma-level monitoring. Abrupt discontinuation can...
1.3K
Antidepressant Drugs: Overview01:25

Antidepressant Drugs: Overview

1.3K
Antidepressant drugs are a class of medications primarily used for treating various mood disorders, including major depression, anxiety disorders, and other related conditions. These medicines work by modulating the neurotransmitter balance within the brain, alleviating depressive symptoms. Antidepressants can be broadly categorized into several groups according to their mechanism of action and chemical structure: Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs), Serotonin-Norepinephrine...
1.3K
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists01:23

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists

841
Serotonin, a crucial neurotransmitter synthesized by enterochromaffin cells, plays a cardinal role in regulating gastrointestinal (GI) motility. With over 90% of the body's total serotonin in the GI tract, its influence on digestive processes is profound. Serotonin is swiftly released upon various stimuli, such as food boluses or certain drugs, triggering intrinsic sensory neurons in the myenteric plexus and extrinsic vagal and spinal sensory neurons. This leads to the activation of the...
841
Antipsychotic Drugs: Typical and Atypical Agents01:21

Antipsychotic Drugs: Typical and Atypical Agents

684
Antipsychotic drugs are classified into first-generation (typical) drugs including phenothiazines; and second-generation (atypical) drugs. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride (Thorazine), a phenothiazine derivative, broadly impacts the central, autonomic, and endocrine systems. This drug, along with typical agents like haloperidol (Haldol), primarily works by antagonizing D2 receptors, thus reducing dopaminergic neurotransmission. However, typical antipsychotics can cause side effects such as sedation...
684
Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents01:17

Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents

460
Sedatives and hypnotics encompass a wide range of substances, each with its unique mechanism of action, uses, and potential adverse effects.
Melatonin congeners like ramelteon (Rozerem) and tasimelteon (Hetlioz) selectively bind to melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) and thus mimic the actions of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. Tasimelteon is primarily used for non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder, common in blind patients. They are also used to treat conditions like insomnia...
460

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Greening the lab: fighting climate change to enhance mental health.

Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN·2025
Same author

Rapid reorganization of serotonin projections and antidepressant response to 5-HT1A-biased agonist NLX-101 in fluoxetine-resistant cF1ko mice.

Neuropharmacology·2024
Same author

CaMKIV-Mediated Phosphorylation Inactivates Freud-1/CC2D1A Repression for Calcium-Dependent 5-HT1A Receptor Gene Induction.

International journal of molecular sciences·2024
Same author

Chronic Desipramine Reverses Deficits in Cell Activity, Norepinephrine Innervation, and Anxiety-Depression Phenotypes in Fluoxetine-Resistant cF1ko Mice.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2023
Same author

Transcriptional Regulation of the Human 5-HT1A Receptor Gene by Lithium: Role of Deaf1 and GSK3β.

International journal of molecular sciences·2023
Same author

PFTK1 kinase regulates axogenesis during development via RhoA activation.

BMC biology·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 5, 2026

DetectSyn: A Rapid, Unbiased Fluorescent Method to Detect Changes in Synapse Density
09:10

DetectSyn: A Rapid, Unbiased Fluorescent Method to Detect Changes in Synapse Density

Published on: July 22, 2022

3.7K

Targeting Homer1a for Rapid Antidepressant Effects.

Paul R Albert1

  • 1Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (Neuroscience), uOttawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa ON K1H-8M5, Canada.

Neuron
|October 25, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Sleep deprivation rapidly reduces depression by altering synaptic signaling. The protein Homer1a shifts metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) activity to boost AMPA receptor function, explaining these antidepressant effects.

More Related Videos

Rapid In Situ Hybridization using Oligonucleotide Probes on Paraformaldehyde-prefixed Brain of Rats with Serotonin Syndrome
08:49

Rapid In Situ Hybridization using Oligonucleotide Probes on Paraformaldehyde-prefixed Brain of Rats with Serotonin Syndrome

Published on: September 23, 2015

9.2K
Individualized rTMS Treatment for Depression using an fMRI-Based Targeting Method
07:12

Individualized rTMS Treatment for Depression using an fMRI-Based Targeting Method

Published on: August 2, 2021

4.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 5, 2026

DetectSyn: A Rapid, Unbiased Fluorescent Method to Detect Changes in Synapse Density
09:10

DetectSyn: A Rapid, Unbiased Fluorescent Method to Detect Changes in Synapse Density

Published on: July 22, 2022

3.7K
Rapid In Situ Hybridization using Oligonucleotide Probes on Paraformaldehyde-prefixed Brain of Rats with Serotonin Syndrome
08:49

Rapid In Situ Hybridization using Oligonucleotide Probes on Paraformaldehyde-prefixed Brain of Rats with Serotonin Syndrome

Published on: September 23, 2015

9.2K
Individualized rTMS Treatment for Depression using an fMRI-Based Targeting Method
07:12

Individualized rTMS Treatment for Depression using an fMRI-Based Targeting Method

Published on: August 2, 2021

4.0K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Synaptic Plasticity

Background:

  • Sleep deprivation is known to induce rapid antidepressant effects.
  • Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) signaling is implicated in mood regulation.
  • AMPA receptors are crucial for excitatory synaptic transmission and plasticity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the rapid antidepressant actions of sleep deprivation.
  • To investigate the role of the synaptic protein Homer1a in mediating these effects.
  • To determine how Homer1a influences mGluR5 and AMPA receptor signaling.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized molecular biology techniques to study synaptic protein interactions.
  • Investigated signaling pathways involving mGluR5 and Homer1a.
  • Assessed changes in AMPA receptor activity in response to sleep deprivation.

Main Results:

  • Holz et al. (2019) demonstrate that Homer1a is a key mediator of sleep deprivation's antidepressant effects.
  • Homer1a activity switches mGluR5 signaling.
  • This switch leads to increased AMPA receptor activity, contributing to rapid mood improvement.

Conclusions:

  • The synaptic protein Homer1a plays a critical role in the rapid antidepressant effects of sleep deprivation.
  • Modulation of mGluR5 and AMPA receptor signaling by Homer1a is a potential therapeutic target for depression.