Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology01:25

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

509
The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
509
Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

4.8K
The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
4.8K
Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin00:51

Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin

4.0K
Calcitonin, a vital polypeptide hormone, regulates calcium levels within body fluids. It is released by the parafollicular cells, also known as C cells, situated in the follicular epithelium of the thyroid gland. Calcitonin responds to fluctuations in blood calcium levels and the influence of gastrointestinal hormones like gastrin and cholecystokinin.
The exact mechanisms by which calcitonin operates in calcium homeostasis remain elusive, but its significance is evident in several vital...
4.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Stapokibart reduces blood eosinophil counts in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: a post-hoc analysis from phase II and phase III clinical trials.

The Journal of dermatological treatment·2026
Same author

Tidal air exposure thresholds in seagrass survival: photodamage-antioxidant imbalance and anthocyanin accumulation associated with Enhalus acoroides zonation limits.

Marine pollution bulletin·2026
Same author

NT-IGFBP-4: A novel biomarker for risk prediction in acute heart failure.

Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry·2026
Same author

Stapokibart provides significant improvements in signs and symptoms of atopic dermatitis irrespective of prior systemic treatment: a post-hoc analysis of a phase 3 trial.

The Journal of dermatological treatment·2026
Same author

Cascade hydrogen production from butyrate-type straw fermentation effluent using a microbial electrolysis cell.

RSC advances·2026
Same author

JAK-STAT pathway-associated skin diseases: a refined functional framework for inflammatory skin diseases.

Frontiers in immunology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 5, 2026

Expression of Transgenes in Native Bladder Urothelium Using Adenovirus-Mediated Transduction
06:01

Expression of Transgenes in Native Bladder Urothelium Using Adenovirus-Mediated Transduction

Published on: October 6, 2022

1.8K

Thymosin-β12 characteristics and function in Urechis unicinctus.

Litao Zhang1, Wei Cui1, Qian Chen1

  • 1The Lab of Biotechnology Development and Application, School of Biological Science, Jining Medical University, Rizhao 276826, China.

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part B, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
|October 25, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Thymosin-beta12 (Tβ12) in the marine invertebrate Urechis unicinctus plays a key role in innate antibacterial immunity. This study reveals Tβ12

Keywords:
Antibacterial activityThymosin-β12Urechis unicinctus

More Related Videos

Immunofluorescent Detection of Two Thymidine Analogues CldU and IdU in Primary Tissue
10:55

Immunofluorescent Detection of Two Thymidine Analogues CldU and IdU in Primary Tissue

Published on: December 7, 2010

31.3K
Characterization of Thymus-dependent and Thymus-independent Immunoglobulin Isotype Responses in Mice Using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay
06:15

Characterization of Thymus-dependent and Thymus-independent Immunoglobulin Isotype Responses in Mice Using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Published on: September 7, 2018

9.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 5, 2026

Expression of Transgenes in Native Bladder Urothelium Using Adenovirus-Mediated Transduction
06:01

Expression of Transgenes in Native Bladder Urothelium Using Adenovirus-Mediated Transduction

Published on: October 6, 2022

1.8K
Immunofluorescent Detection of Two Thymidine Analogues CldU and IdU in Primary Tissue
10:55

Immunofluorescent Detection of Two Thymidine Analogues CldU and IdU in Primary Tissue

Published on: December 7, 2010

31.3K
Characterization of Thymus-dependent and Thymus-independent Immunoglobulin Isotype Responses in Mice Using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay
06:15

Characterization of Thymus-dependent and Thymus-independent Immunoglobulin Isotype Responses in Mice Using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Published on: September 7, 2018

9.8K

Area of Science:

  • Marine invertebrate immunology
  • Molecular biology
  • Innate immunity

Background:

  • The beta-thymosin (β-thymosin) family are multifunctional polypeptides involved in various cellular processes.
  • The specific roles of Tβ12 in marine invertebrates, particularly in antibacterial immunity, remain largely unexplored.
  • Urechis unicinctus, a marine invertebrate, serves as a model for investigating Tβ12 function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clone and characterize the Tβ12 gene from Urechis unicinctus.
  • To investigate the tissue distribution of Tβ12 mRNA.
  • To determine the role of Tβ12 in the innate immune response to bacterial challenge.

Main Methods:

  • Gene cloning and sequencing to obtain the Tβ12 open reading frame (ORF).
  • Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) for tissue distribution analysis.
  • Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection to stimulate immune response and subsequent Tβ12 expression analysis.

Main Results:

  • The Tβ12 gene was successfully cloned from U. unicinctus, encoding 41 amino acids.
  • Tβ12 exhibited wide tissue expression, with highest levels in the body wall and coelomic fluid.
  • Tβ12 expression significantly increased in various tissues following LPS challenge, indicating its involvement in immune response.
  • Recombinant U. unicinctus Tβ12 demonstrated inhibitory effects against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.

Conclusions:

  • Urechis unicinctus Tβ12 is crucial for innate antibacterial immunity in marine invertebrates.
  • Tβ12 functions as a key component of the innate immune system in U. unicinctus, with distinct roles in different tissues.
  • This research enhances the understanding of Tβ12's function in marine invertebrate defense mechanisms.