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Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

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EEG-ERP dynamics in a visual Continuous Performance Test.

Diana Karamacoska¹, Robert J Barry¹, Frances M De Blasio¹

¹Brain & Behaviour Research Institute and School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia.

International Journal of Psychophysiology : Official Journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology

|October 25, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Ongoing brain activity, measured by electroencephalography (EEG), significantly influences cognitive performance. Changes in alpha and delta/theta EEG frequencies during tasks predict reaction times and accuracy, offering insights into attention and cognitive control.

Keywords:

Attention Brain dynamics Cognition Continuous Performance Test (CPT)Electroencephalography (EEG)Event-related potentials (ERPs)Principal components analysis (PCA)

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Psychology
Psychophysiology

Background:

Ongoing electroencephalography (EEG) plays a crucial role in understanding brain dynamics related to event-related potentials (ERPs) and behavioral responses.
State-related changes in EEG, from rest to task engagement, impact cognitive processes.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how state-related EEG changes, both before and during a task, affect stimulus-response efforts.
To examine the relationship between pre-task EEG activity and within-task EEG shifts on cognitive control.

Main Methods:

EEG was recorded from 56 adults at rest (eyes-closed and eyes-open) and during a visual Continuous Performance Test (CPT).
Principal Components Analysis (PCA) was used to decompose EEG data from different periods (pre-cue, pre-imperative) and ERPs.
Correlations and predictive analyses were performed between EEG amplitudes and behavioral outcomes (reaction time, accuracy).

Main Results:

Increased reaction time variability (RTV) was linked to reduced Go P2 and correlated positively with resting-state alpha components.
Reductions in delta/theta amplitude from pre-cue to pre-imperative predicted enhancements in Go N1-1 and NoGo N2b.
Decreases in alpha-1 and alpha-3 amplitudes predicted changes in P2, NoGo accuracy, and NoGo P1.

Conclusions:

Ongoing alpha arousal significantly impacts stimulus-response efforts.
Low-frequency EEG shifts during the cue-to-imperative interval are associated with stimulus anticipation and response preparation.
Pre-task and within-task EEG dynamics provide novel insights into attention and cognitive control mechanisms.