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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 5, 2026

Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis

Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis

Published on: February 9, 2024

Localization and characterization of thyroid microcalcifications: A histopathological study.

Joanne Guerlain¹, Sophie Perie², Marine Lefevre³

¹Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMR_S 1155, AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France.

|October 25, 2019

Summary

Thyroid calcifications are common, with calcium oxalate found in benign conditions and calcium phosphate in malignant ones. TRPV5 expression links to colloid calcifications, suggesting novel insights into thyroid physiology.

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Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Pathology
Mineral Metabolism

Background:

Thyroid calcifications are frequently observed in thyroid nodules.
Their composition and prevalence across various thyroid diseases require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the prevalence and composition of thyroid calcifications in diverse thyroid pathologies.
To correlate calcification types with specific diseases and cellular markers.

Main Methods:

Analysis of 50 thyroid tissue samples (56% malignant, 44% benign) using polarized light microscopy.
Infrared spectrometry (μFTIR) and FE-SEM for detailed calcification composition and structure analysis.
Immunohistochemistry for proliferation (KI67) and differentiation markers (RUNX2, OPN, CD44), and calcium transporters (TRPV5, CaSR).

Main Results:

Calcifications detected in 95% of samples, significantly underreported in initial reports (12%).
Colloid calcifications comprised calcium oxalate; capsular calcifications and psammoma bodies comprised calcium phosphate.
Calcium phosphate was exclusive to malignant samples, while calcium oxalate was not disease-specific.
TRPV5 mRNA expression showed a significant inverse correlation with the number of colloid calcifications (rho = -0.72; p = 0.02).

Conclusions:

Thyroid calcifications are highly prevalent and diverse in composition, with distinct mineral types associated with benign versus malignant conditions.
The findings highlight the potential role of calcium oxalate in thyroid physiology and suggest TRPV5 as a key regulator of colloid calcification.
Further research into calcium and oxalate transport mechanisms in thyroid follicles is warranted.