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Related Concept Videos

Dissociative Disorders01:27

Dissociative Disorders

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Dissociative disorders represent complex psychological conditions characterized by disruptions in consciousness, memory, identity, or perception. These disruptions cause individuals to experience a disconnection from their thoughts, emotions, and memories. The phenomenon is not merely an occasional lapse in attention but a profound alteration in mental functioning that can severely impact daily life.
Dissociative Fugue
A hallmark feature of dissociative disorders is the dissociative fugue...
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Dissociative Identity Disorder01:30

Dissociative Identity Disorder

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Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), previously termed multiple personality disorder, is a complex psychological condition characterized by the presence of two or more distinct identities or personality states. Each identity exhibits unique patterns of behavior, voice, and mannerisms and may possess separate memories and emotional responses. The alternating control between identities can result in memory gaps and challenges in recalling daily activities, often exacerbating the individual's...
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Dissociative Amnesia01:21

Dissociative Amnesia

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Dissociative amnesia is a complex psychological condition that manifests as an inability to recall personal information, often tied to traumatic or stressful events. Unlike general amnesia, individuals with this condition retain the ability to perform routine activities and procedural tasks, such as operating a phone or navigating public transportation, yet experience profound gaps in autobiographical memory. These lapses may encompass significant life events, such as suicide attempts or...
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Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)01:27

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)

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The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...
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Theoretical Approaches to Psychological Disorder01:29

Theoretical Approaches to Psychological Disorder

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The development of psychological disorders, which are characterized by deviant, maladaptive, and personally distressing behaviors, has been explored through several theoretical approaches.
Biological approach
The biological approach posits that internal, organic factors are the primary causes of such disorders. This perspective emphasizes brain structure and function, genetic predispositions, and neurotransmitter imbalances. For example, schizophrenia has been associated with both genetic...
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Personality Disorders: Paranoid and Schizoid01:22

Personality Disorders: Paranoid and Schizoid

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Personality disorders represent enduring cognition, affect, and behavior patterns that significantly deviate from societal norms. These maladaptive traits often lead to difficulties in various domains, including interpersonal relationships, occupational settings, and overall psychological well-being. Paranoid personality disorder and schizoid personality disorder are two distinct conditions marked by odd or eccentric behavior.
Paranoid Personality Disorder
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Use of a Psychophysiological Script-driven Imagery Experiment to Study Trauma-related Dissociation in Borderline Personality Disorder
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Dissociation and disasters: A systematic review.

Fatih Canan1, Carol S North1

  • 1The Altshuler Center for Education & Research at Metrocare Services, Dallas, TX 75390, United States.

World Journal of Psychiatry
|October 26, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Dissociation is not definitively linked to disaster exposure due to significant study limitations. Further research with rigorous methodology is needed to understand this relationship.

Keywords:
Association vs causationDiagnostic validityDisasterDissociationDissociative disordersMethodologyNormative responsePosttraumatic stressPsychopathologySystematic review

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Psychiatry
  • Trauma Studies

Background:

  • Dissociation, a disruption in consciousness, memory, and identity, is often linked to trauma.
  • While trauma is a presumed cause, the link between disaster exposure and dissociation requires systematic review.
  • Previous literature reviews on dissociation in disaster survivors are lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review existing literature on the association between disaster exposure and dissociation.
  • To determine the prevalence and incidence of dissociation following disasters.
  • To examine the relationship between disaster exposure and dissociative symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Searched EMBASE, Medline, and PsychINFO databases from inception to January 2019.
  • Included studies on adult/child survivors and responders, excluding military conflicts and non-English articles.
  • Utilized keywords such as "disaster*" and dissociation terms; scrutinized reference lists.

Main Results:

  • 53 articles were included, focusing on various disasters between 1989-2017.
  • Most studies used self-report scales, lacking diagnostic rigor for dissociative disorders.
  • Findings on the association between disaster and dissociation were inconclusive, with inconsistent results when compared to posttraumatic stress.

Conclusions:

  • The reviewed studies exhibit significant methodological limitations in psychopathology measurement and sampling.
  • Inconclusive findings preclude definitive conclusions about dissociation as an established outcome of disaster exposure.
  • Methodological improvements are necessary for future research in this area.