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Factors associated with overweight and obesity in adults using structural equation model: mediation effect of
Mitra Darbandi1, Farid Najafi2,3, Yahya Pasdar2,4
1Student Research Committee, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Purpose:
This study aimed to determine the indirect effect of risk factors associated with overweight and obesity through physical activity (PA) and dietary pattern (DP), using structural equation model in the adults' population.
Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 10,000 adults from baseline data of Ravansar Non Communicable Disease cohort study, in the west region of Iran in 2018. Structural equation modeling was used to assess the causal effects of associated factors on obesity and overweight as the outcome.
Results:
In general, the population at higher economic level was significantly more dependent on the healthy DP. The direct effect of socioeconomic status (SES) on overweight and obesity was - 0.070, the indirect effect was 0.127, and the total effect was 0.057. When stratified by gender, in women, SES had a weak direct effect (β = 0.024) and indirectly, through the variables of PA and DP, had a significant effect (β = 0.088) on the outcome. The same situation has been observed in men. That is a weak direct effect of SES (β = 0.070) and a significantly indirect effect, through three variables such as PA, DP, and smoking status, on the outcome.
Conclusion:
Factors associated with overweight and obesity not only by direct effect, but also can indirectly and through mediators (such as DP and PA as two important mediation variables) cause this outcome. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study.
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