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Hemostatic function in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels assessed using thromboelastography.

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Cavalier King Charles Spaniels with macrothrombocytopenia and increased left ventricular fractional shortening (FS%) show a more hypercoagulable hemostatic system. Thromboelastography (TEG) revealed these associations, highlighting potential impacts on canine health.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Cardiology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Macrothrombocytopenia is common in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels (CKCSs), a breed predisposed to myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD).
  • Thromboelastography (TEG) is a valuable tool for assessing hemostatic function in dogs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate how macrothrombocytopenia and MMVD severity affect hemostatic function in CKCSs using TEG.
  • To investigate associations between TEG variables and echocardiographic and platelet parameters.

Main Methods:

  • 47 CKCSs were prospectively studied, analyzing TEG variables (R, K, α, MA, G).
  • Evaluated associations with dog characteristics, heart rates, blood pressures, MMVD severity, echocardiographic data, and platelet indices (platelet count, MPV, plateletcrit).
  • Blood samples analyzed using computerized thromboelastograph and Advia 2120 hematology analyzer.

Main Results:

  • Left ventricular (LV) fractional shortening (FS%) affected all TEG variables.
  • LV FS% and age influenced TEG α; LV FS% and mean platelet volume (MPV) affected TEG MA and G.
  • TEG MA and G showed weak positive associations with increasing MPV.
  • No significant TEG differences were found across MMVD severity groups.

Conclusions:

  • Macrothrombocytopenia and increased LV FS% are linked to a more hypercoagulable hemostatic system in CKCSs.
  • Increased LV FS% may be associated with positive inotropic states, influencing coagulation.
  • TEG provides insights into hemostatic changes in CKCSs with specific cardiac and hematologic conditions.