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Neonatal Intestinal Failure Is Independently Associated With Impaired Cognitive Development Later in Childhood
Riikka J Gunnar1,2, Kaisa Kanerva3, Silja Salmi4
1Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, New Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital.
Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition
|October 26, 2019
Summary
Pediatric intestinal failure (IF) significantly impacts neurodevelopment, with many children experiencing cognitive and motor impairments. Early developmental follow-up is crucial for these vulnerable patients.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Gastroenterology
- Neurodevelopmental Pediatrics
- Clinical Outcomes Research
Background:
- Pediatric intestinal failure (IF) poses long-term challenges beyond infancy.
- The neurodevelopmental impact of IF in children has not been systematically studied.
- Understanding cognitive and motor deficits is essential for improving patient care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate cognitive and motor impairments in children with IF.
- To identify risk factors associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in IF patients.
- To inform clinical practice regarding long-term follow-up for IF.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study was conducted at Helsinki University Children's Hospital.
- Forty children (3-16 years) with IF and >60 days of parenteral nutrition (PN) dependency were assessed.
- Cognitive and motor skills were evaluated using validated tests (WPPSI-III, WISC-IV, MABC-2).
Main Results:
- Thirty patients (median age 7.5 years) were included; 35% had an IQ below 70.
- Significant motor impairment was found in 36% and milder difficulties in 28% of patients.
- Neonatal short bowel syndrome, surgical interventions, and prolonged hospitalization were linked to cognitive issues; prematurity to motor deficits.
Conclusions:
- Clinically significant cognitive and motor impairments are prevalent in children with IF.
- Early neurodevelopmental follow-up is recommended for all children diagnosed with IF.
- This study highlights the critical need for ongoing assessment and support for neurodevelopmental trajectories in IF survivors.
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