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Neonatal Intestinal Failure Is Independently Associated With Impaired Cognitive Development Later in Childhood

Riikka J Gunnar1,2, Kaisa Kanerva3, Silja Salmi4

  • 1Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, New Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital.

Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition
|October 26, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric intestinal failure (IF) significantly impacts neurodevelopment, with many children experiencing cognitive and motor impairments. Early developmental follow-up is crucial for these vulnerable patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Neurodevelopmental Pediatrics
  • Clinical Outcomes Research

Background:

  • Pediatric intestinal failure (IF) poses long-term challenges beyond infancy.
  • The neurodevelopmental impact of IF in children has not been systematically studied.
  • Understanding cognitive and motor deficits is essential for improving patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate cognitive and motor impairments in children with IF.
  • To identify risk factors associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in IF patients.
  • To inform clinical practice regarding long-term follow-up for IF.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted at Helsinki University Children's Hospital.
  • Forty children (3-16 years) with IF and >60 days of parenteral nutrition (PN) dependency were assessed.
  • Cognitive and motor skills were evaluated using validated tests (WPPSI-III, WISC-IV, MABC-2).

Main Results:

  • Thirty patients (median age 7.5 years) were included; 35% had an IQ below 70.
  • Significant motor impairment was found in 36% and milder difficulties in 28% of patients.
  • Neonatal short bowel syndrome, surgical interventions, and prolonged hospitalization were linked to cognitive issues; prematurity to motor deficits.

Conclusions:

  • Clinically significant cognitive and motor impairments are prevalent in children with IF.
  • Early neurodevelopmental follow-up is recommended for all children diagnosed with IF.
  • This study highlights the critical need for ongoing assessment and support for neurodevelopmental trajectories in IF survivors.
Abstract

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