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Systemic and breath biomarkers for asthma: an update
Ida Mogensen1,2, Anna James3,4, Andrei Malinovschi1
1Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Physiology.
Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|October 26, 2019
Summary
Identifying asthma biomarkers is key for personalized treatment. Recent advances focus on type 2 inflammation markers like blood eosinophils and FeNO, aiding risk prediction and guiding biologic therapies.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Immunology
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Asthma research prioritizes biomarkers for phenotyping, risk stratification, and treatment guidance.
- Understanding inflammatory pathways is crucial for effective asthma management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze current and emerging biomarkers for asthma.
- Focus on developments within the past two years.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent scientific literature on asthma biomarkers.
- Analysis of clinical utility and research findings.
Main Results:
- Type 2 inflammation biomarkers (blood eosinophils, FeNO) show promise for predicting exacerbations and guiding anti-IL-5/IL-4/-13 therapies.
- Urinary eicosanoids correlate with type 2 inflammation; periostin and DPP-4 trials yielded mixed results.
- Non-type 2 inflammation markers (neutrophils, YKL-40, volatile organic compounds) are under investigation.
Conclusions:
- A definitive biomarker panel for all asthma types is still evolving.
- Potential biomarkers exist, especially for non-type 2 asthma, but further research is needed.
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