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Thyroid function and life expectancy with and without noncommunicable diseases: A population-based study.

Arjola Bano1,2,3,4, Layal Chaker1,2, Francesco U S Mattace-Raso5

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine and Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Thyroid function within normal ranges impacts life expectancy. Lower thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and higher free thyroxine (FT4) levels are associated with shorter life expectancy, even without noncommunicable diseases (NCDs).

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Gerontology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Thyroid function variations within reference ranges are linked to increased disease and mortality risks.
  • The specific impact of thyroid function on life expectancy (LE) alongside noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) remains unclear.
  • Euthyroid individuals' thyroid function and its relation to LE require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between thyroid function and total LE.
  • To examine LE with and without NCDs among euthyroid individuals.
  • To explore the influence of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) levels on LE.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective population-based study (Rotterdam Study) of 7,644 euthyroid participants.
  • Multistate life table analysis to calculate LE estimates at age 50.
  • Analysis adjusted for sociodemographic and cardiovascular risk factors, stratifying by TSH and FT4 tertiles.

Main Results:

  • Higher TSH tertiles were associated with 1.5 years longer LE for both men and women.
  • Lower FT4 tertiles were associated with significantly shorter LE (-3.7 years men, -3.3 years women).
  • These associations persisted even when considering LE with and without NCDs.

Conclusions:

  • Low-normal thyroid function (high TSH, low FT4) is linked to longer LE.
  • High-normal thyroid function (low TSH, high FT4) is associated with shorter LE.
  • Findings suggest a potential need to re-evaluate current thyroid function reference ranges.