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Tumor Cells Develop Defined Cellular Phenotypes After 3D-Bioprinting in Different Bioinks.

Sonja K Schmidt1, Rafael Schmid2, Andreas Arkudas3

  • 1Institute of Biochemistry, Emil-Fischer-Center, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany. Sonja.s.schmidt@fau.de.

Cells
|October 27, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Three-dimensional bioprinting models using melanoma cells show varying behavior depending on the bioink. Researchers found that bioink composition, not modifications, critically impacts cell proliferation and network formation in these cancer models.

Keywords:
3D bioprinting3D cell culturebiofabricationbioinksextracellular matrixmelanomatumor microenvironment

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cancer Research
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Traditional 2D cell cultures are insufficient for studying complex cancer development and progression.
  • Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinted models offer a more physiologically relevant platform for cancer research.
  • Malignant melanoma serves as a valuable model for developing new cancer therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the printability and cellular behavior of melanoma cell lines within different bioinks for 3D bioprinting.
  • To assess the impact of bioink composition and modifications on melanoma cell survival, proliferation, and structure.
  • To determine the suitability of various bioinks for creating advanced 3D melanoma models.

Main Methods:

  • Fluorescently labeled melanoma cell lines were bioprinted using Matrigel, alginate-based bioink, and gelatin methacrylate-based bioink.
  • Bioinks were tested with and without modifications (RGD sequence or laminin mixture) to enhance cell-matrix interactions.
  • Cell viability, proliferation, and structural organization were monitored over 14 days of cultivation.

Main Results:

  • Melanoma cells were successfully printed and survived in all tested biomaterials for 14 days.
  • Significant differences in cell behavior were observed across bioinks: cells spread and formed networks in Matrigel, showed no proliferation in alginate, and proliferated in clusters in gelatin methacrylate.
  • Modifications to the bioinks with RGD or laminin did not alter the observed cellular behavior.

Conclusions:

  • The choice of bioink is critical for dictating melanoma cell behavior in 3D bioprinted constructs.
  • Standard bioink modifications did not enhance cell-matrix communication or improve cell proliferation in this study.
  • Tailoring extracellular matrices to specific 3D bioprinting applications is essential for successful model development.