Three-dimensional open nano-netcage electrocatalysts for efficient pH-universal overall water splitting

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Electrochemistry
• Sustainable Energy

Background:

• High-efficiency water electrolysis is crucial for sustainable energy solutions.
• Developing active and durable electrocatalysts is essential for advancing this technology.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a highly active and durable RuIrOₓ nano-netcage catalyst for water electrolysis.
• To investigate the catalyst's performance across a broad pH range and its potential for direct use of various electrolytes.

Main Methods:

• In-situ etching of RuIrZnOₓ hollow nanoboxes to form a RuIrOₓ nano-netcage.
• Characterization of the catalyst's structure, electrochemical surface area (ECSA), and catalytic activity.
• Testing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and overall water electrolysis performance at different pH values.

Main Results:

• The RuIrOₓ nano-netcage exhibits a porous structure with high active site exposure and 3D accessibility.
• Achieved ultralow overpotentials for HER (12 mV at pH 0; 13 mV at pH 14).
• Demonstrated high-performance overall water electrolysis (1.45 V at pH 0; 1.47 V at pH 14) across pH 0-14.

Conclusions:

• The developed nano-netcage catalyst offers exceptional activity and durability for water electrolysis.
• Its universal applicability allows for direct use of diverse electrolytes, including wastewater and seawater, for hydrogen production.
• This work significantly advances the potential for cost-effective and sustainable hydrogen generation.