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Airborne Staphylococcus aureus in different environments-a review
Anna Kozajda1, Karolina Jeżak2, Agnieszka Kapsa2
1Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8 Teresy Str, 91-348, Łódź, Poland. anna.kozajda@imp.lodz.pl.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
|October 27, 2019
Summary
Airborne Staphylococcus aureus, including MRSA, is prevalent in various environments, with highest concentrations found in large-scale animal breeding. Environmental studies confirm airborne transmission plays a role in spreading these pathogens.
Area of Science:
- Environmental microbiology
- Public health
Background:
- Staphylococcus aureus is a significant pathogen with various transmission routes.
- Airborne transmission of bacteria is a growing concern in diverse environments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review environments where airborne Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) has been detected.
- To identify common bioaerosol sampling methods for detecting S. aureus.
- To assess the genetic diversity of airborne S. aureus strains.
Main Methods:
- Literature search of PubMed database (1990-2019).
- Inclusion of studies from hospitals, animal breeding facilities, wastewater plants, residential areas, educational institutions, and public places.
- Analysis of bioaerosol sampling, identification, and subtyping methods.
Main Results:
- Airborne S. aureus, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), was confirmed in all reviewed environments.
- Large-scale animal breeding facilities showed the highest concentrations and genetic diversity of S. aureus strains.
- Airborne transmission is empirically confirmed as a dissemination route for S. aureus infections.
Conclusions:
- Effective and reliable methods for sampling and identifying airborne S. aureus are available.
- Environmental studies on airborne S. aureus transmission routes provide fast and verifiable outcomes.
- Understanding airborne S. aureus presence is crucial for public health interventions.
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